HADIS DERBEW2025-06-262025-01-28https://repository.mu.edu.et/handle/123456789/721Background: The World Health Organization says that 10-15% of babies should be born by C-section in hospitals. But in many countries, including Ethiopia, more babies are born by Csection. This can have bad effects on health and the economy. Having a vaginal birth after a previous C-section (VBAC) is usually safe and a good way to have fewer C-sections. Even though VBAC is successful 60-80% of the time, fewer mothers are trying to have a vaginal birth after a previous C-section, and the number of C-sections is going up. In Tigray have not been studied using case control study approaches on determinants of successful VBAC. So, this study aimed to identify determinants of successful VBAC at public hospitals in Mekelle town. Objective: To assess determinants of successful vaginal birth among women with one previous caesarean delivery in Mekelle public hospitals in 2024. Methods: Institutional based unmatched case control study was conducted in Mekelle public Hospitals from August 1, - September 30, 2024. A total of 194 study participants were included, of which 65 were cases and 129 were controls with cases to controls ratio of 1: 2. Systematic random sampling for controls and cases were selected consecutively. Data were collected using a structured and pre-tested questionnaire then data was entered to Epidata version 4.7 to be cleaned and coded, and exported to statistical package for social science version 27 for analysis. Bivariate, followed by multivariate analysis, were conducted with 95% CI and p-value <0.05 to identify factors associated with successful vaginal birth after cesarean delivery. Result: urban residence (AOR = 2.50, 95%CI: 1.13-5.55), history of SVD (AOR= 2.47, 95%CI: 1.10-5.51), cervical dilatation at admission > 4 cm (AOR = 2.36, 95%CI: 1.01-534), occiputo- anterior position (AOR = 9.69, 95%CI: 2.15-5.55) were determinants significantly associated with successful vaginal birth after previous cesarean section. Conclusion and recommendation: The study shows that urban residence, history of SVD, cervical dilatation at admission > 4 cm, occiputo- anterior position were associated with successful vaginal birth after previous cesarean section. Women live in rural area and cervical dilatation <4 cm at admission health care provider encourage, create awareness and counseled to delivery virginally after c/s. Women with a history of cesarean section should be counseled and encouraged to delivery vaginally as it is not contraindicated.envaginal birthdeterminant factorscaesarean sectionEthiopiacase controlThesis