College of Health Sciences

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    PREVALENCE OF METHICILLIN RESISTANT Staphylococcus aureus, AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS, FROM RAW MILK OF LACTATING COWS, AND NASAL AND HAND SWABS OF MILKING PERSON IN SELECTED DAIRY FARMS OF MEKELLE CITY, TIGRAY NORTHERN ETHIOPIA. A ONE HEALTH PERSPECTIVE
    (Mekelle University, 2025-06-28) ABRHAM GEREZIHER
    Background: Staphylococcus aureus causes subclinical mastitis in dairy cows, leading to severe economic losses. MRSA is responsible for over 70,000 severe infections and 9,000 deaths per year. MRSA causes many infections, including skin & wound infections, pneumonia, and bacteremia in humans. In animals, it is commonly associated with mastitis. Therefore, the study aimed to determine the prevalence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus and associated factors from raw milk of lactating cows, and nasal and hand swabs of milking person in selected dairy farms in Mekelle City, Northern Ethiopia. Methods and Materials: A cross-sectional study was conducted in selected dairy farms in Mekelle, from December 2024 to April 2025. Background information about the dairy farms, lactating cows and milking personnel was collected using a structured questionnaire. Raw milk, hand swabs, and nasal swabs were cultured on Mannitol salt agar, and identification of S. aureus done following standard procedures. The antimicrobial susceptibility testing and MRSA screening were performed based on the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute’s recommendations. A logistic regression model was applied to measure the association between variables using SPSS version 27 for analysis. A significant association between the independent and dependent variables was declared at p ≤ 0.05 and a corresponding 95% confidence interval. Results: The prevalence of S. aureus from raw milk, nasal swab and hand swabs milking persons were 17.2%, 18.9% and 15.6% respectively. The prevalence of MRSA in lactating cows and milking person were 2.2% and 2.8% respectively. The prevalence of S. aureus and MRSA among the CMT positive lactating cows were54.4% and 7% respectively. Among the S. aureus isolates 119.4%, 17.6% and 10.7% were MDR from raw milk, nasal and hand swab samples respectively. The variable MRSA positivity in human and history of hand lesion of milking person were showed a significant association with the prevalence of MRSA in lactating cows and the prevalence of MRSA in milking person respectively. Conclusion: The prevalence of MRSA in lactating cows was lower from the pooled prevalence of MRSA in mastitic cows in Ethiopia. The prevalence of MRSA in milking persons was lower from the pooled prevalence of MRSA in Ethiopia.