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Author: search.filters.author.BIREY YEMARSubject: search.filters.subject.Determinants

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    DETERMINANTS OF EXTERNALLY VISIBLE BIRTH DEFECTS AMONG NEWBORNS DELIVERED IN PUBLIC GENERAL HOSPITALS OF TIGRAY, ETHIOPIA, 2025 G.C
    (Mekelle University, 2025-06-28) BIREY YEMAR
    Background: Birth defects are a series of functional and structural abnormalities resulted from disruption of the normal human embryonic development. Regardless of the interventions and targets to reduce neonatal mortality, the burden of birth defects remains high especially in low and middle income countries such as Ethiopia. In Tigray the neonatal mortality showed significant increment during the war crisis and birth defects takes a significant role with limited studies before the war and no studies conducted after the war. Studies on determinants of birth defects are timely essential to manage their burden and will be a guide on the postwar health care reform. Objective: To asses determinants of externally birth defects among newborns delivered in public general hospitals of Tigray, Ethiopia, 2024/25 Methodology: Institutional based unmatched case control study design was conducted from December 1 to December 30, 2024 among 388 subjects (97 cases and 291controls) in public general hospitals of Tigray. Subjects were selected using systematic random sampling method after proportional allocation to each randomly selected five hospitals. Cases and controls were newborns that had at least one visible minor or major birth defect and without externally visible birth defect, respectively delivered from November 1, 2023-Octeber 30, 2024 in the selected public general hospitals. A structured checklist was used to extract data from maternal medical charts. Data was entered through Epi data and transported to SSPS version 25 for analysis. Multivariate Logistic regression model was used to identify factors associated with birth defects at p value less than 0.05. Results; more than half the mothers (51.5% and 58.4% of cases and controls respectively) fall in between 25 and 35 age category). Rural residence [AOR=1.95; 95% CI:(1.04, 3.667);p-value=0.037], lack of folic acid intake [AOR=2.77;95%CI: (1.464,5.24); pvalue=0.002], history of acute illnesses[AOR=5.118;95%CI:(1.389,18.865);p-value=0.014],male sex [AOR=2.4;95%CI:(1.322,4.364);p-value=0.004],and Prematurity [AOR=11.74; 95%CI :( 2.598, 53.05); p-value=0.001] were significant predictors of birth defects. Conclusion and recommendations; Rural residence, lack of folic acid intake, acute illnesses, newborn sex and prematurity, were significant predictors of birth defects. So that it’s vital to address the modifiable factors such as folic acid intake, acute illnesses, awareness creation and service delivery in rural setting.