College of Health Sciences
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Item DETERMINANTS OF POOR GLYCEMIC CONTROL AMONG ADULT PATIENS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS ON FOLLOW UP AT THE DIABETIC CLINIC OF REFERRAL HOSPITALS OF TIGRAY, ETHIOPIA, 2025(Mekelle University, 2025-05-28) GIRMAY TEKLEBackground: Poor glycemic control remains a major public health concern among individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. In Ethiopia, the prevalence of uncontrolled blood glucose has been reported to range from 45.2% to 73.5%, including findings from studies in the Tigray region. Despite this substantial burden, there is limited research on the specific determinants of poor glycemic control, particularly in the Tigray region. Moreover, most existing studies in Ethiopia have utilized cross-sectional designs, which are limited in establishing temporal relationships between risk factors and glycemic control. A case-control study design offers a more robust approach for identifying these determinants. Therefore, investigating the factors associated with poor glycemic outcomes through a case-control design is essential to guide targeted interventions and strengthen diabetes management strategies. Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify the Determinants of poor glycemic control among adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus on follow up at the diabetic clinic of referral hospitals of Tigray, Ethiopia 2025. Methods: An institution-based unmatched case-control study design was conducted between January 15, and February 15, 2025. A total of 250 participants were included, consisting of 84 cases and 166 controls with case-to-control ratio of 1:2. Systematic random sampling was used to recruit cases and controls. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire via KoBo Toolbox. In bivariable analysis those variables having a P-value of 0.25 were subsequently included in the multivariable. In multivariable analysis at a P-value of 0.05 with 95% confidence interval were considered statistically significant. Descriptive statistics were performed first, with the results summarized using tables, text, and figures. Ethical clearance was secured from the Institutional Review Board of the College of Health Sciences at Mekelle University. Result: This study revealed that inadequate dietary adherence (AOR = 2.59; 95% CI (1.187-5.684)), poor medication adherence (AOR = 2.96 95% CI (1.417–6.207)), presence of comorbidities (AOR = 2.72, 95% CI (1.30–5.69)), and having polypharmacy (AOR = 2.25, 95% CI (1.088- 4.691)) were significantly associated with poor blood sugar control. Conclusion and recommendation: Inadequate dietary adherence, poor medication adherence, co morbidity and having polypharmacy were determinant factors of poor glycemic control. Therefore, we recommend that patients should regularly follow their diet and medication.