College of Health Sciences

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    OUTCOMES OF EMERGENCY ADMISSIONS AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG CHILDREN ADMITTED TO THE PEDIATRIC EMERGENCY UNIT OF PUBLIC HOSPITALS IN MEKELLE, ETHIOPIA, 2024.
    (Mekelle University, 2024-07-28) GIRMAY HALEFOM
    Background: Globally, approximately 5.2 million children under five die each year, with a significant proportion of these deaths occurring in hospitals following emergency admissions, underscoring persistent inequities despite declining mortality rates. In Ethiopia, the under-5 mortality rate stands at 55 per 1,000 live births, with emergency admissions accounting for 39% of pediatric hospitalizations. Despite global efforts, gaps remain in understanding the outcomes and factors influencing pediatric emergency admissions, particularly in low-resource settings. This study aims to assess the outcomes and associated factors of emergency admissions among children in selected public hospitals. Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the outcomes of emergency admissions and associated factors among children admitted to the pediatric emergency unit of public hospitals In Mekelle, Ethiopia, 2024. Methods: A health facility-based retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in randomly selected three public hospitals located in Mekelle, Ethiopia. The total sample size was 294, which was proportionally allocated across the hospitals based on their estimated monthly case admissions. Medical records from each hospital were selected using a simple random sampling method. A pretest was carried out on 5% of the sample size at Kuiha General Hospital. In the bivariate analysis, variables with a p-value < 0.2 were considered candidates for multivariable logistic regression analysis, with statistical significance set at a p-value of < 0.05. Result: Out of 294 children admitted to the pediatric emergency department, 45.2% showed clinical improvement, 25.9% required ICU transfer, 18.7% were moved to general wards, and 6.8% died. Multivariable logistic regression revealed that previous hospital visit (AOR = 3.7, 95% CI: 1.17, 11.64), previous admission (AOR = 6.37, 95% CI: 2.09, 19.45), children with comorbidities (AOR = 6.71, 95% CI: 2.32, 19.37) and malnourished children (AOR = 4.8, 95% CI: 1.23, 18.8) had significantly higher odds of death. Conclusion and recommendation: The mortality rate is high with previous hospital visit, previous admission, the presence of comorbidities and being malnourished were found to be strong predictors of poor outcomes, underscoring the need for early identification and targeted care for high-risk pediatric patients. Health facilities should enhance follow-up for previously hospitalized children and implement routine comorbidity screening.
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    Prevalence of unhealthy food consumption and its associated factors among children aged 6-23 months in Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia 2025: community based cross sectional study
    (Mekelle University, 2025-06-17) Tahguas Kahsay
    Background: Unhealthy food consumption among children aged 6–23 months is a growing public health concern, contributing to nutrient inadequacy and increased risk of chronic diseases later in life. In Ethiopia, particularly in post-war Tigray, Little attention has been given to this issue, and no prior assessments exist. Therefore this study aimed to determine the prevalence of unhealthy food consumption and its associated factors among children in Mekelle, Tigray. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 587 children aged 6–23 months in Mekelle. Participants were selected using a multistage sampling technique, and data were collected via mobile tools/KOBO collect by trained health professionals. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 27, employing descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression to identify factors associated with unhealthy food consumption. Variables with a p-value <0.25 in bivariate analysis were included in multivariate analysis. Statistical significance was declared at p<0.05. Results: The prevalence of unhealthy food consumption was 64.7%. the significant predictor for unhealthy food intake were maternal marital status (AOR=2.22, 95% CI: 1.03–4.77), maternal educational status(AOR=2.2, 95% CI: 1.185-4.174), Mothers aged 15–24 years (AOR=2.7, 95% CI: 1.17–6.22), family size (AOR=1.7, 95%CI= 1.050- 2.630), Children aged 18–23 months (AOR=5.9, 95% CI: 3.26–10.67), Male children (AOR=2.72, 95% CI: 1.75–4.25), and mothers who did not receive child feeding information during postnatal care (AOR=1.02, 95% CI: 2.81–10.20). Conclusion and Recommendations: Nearly two-thirds of children aged 6–23 months in Mekelle consume unhealthy foods. factors significantly associated were maternal age and marital status, maternal education, child’s age and sex, family size, and lack of postnatal feeding counseling. Targeted interventions should focus on young mothers, mothers of lower education and divorced mothers, large families, older infants and strengthening postnatal nutritional counseling.
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    MAGNITUDE AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS OF COMMON CHILDHOOD ILLNESS AMONG UNDER FIVE CHILDREN IN ENDAMOHONI DISTRICT, TIGRAY, ETHIOPIA. COMMUNITY BASED CROSS - SECTIONAL STUDY 2023/24.
    (Mekelle University, 2024-05-28) HINTSA GEBREMEDHIN
    Background: Common childhood illness includes acute respiratory infections, diarrheal diseases, and febrile illnesses. Thus illnesses remain a significant cause of morbidity and mortality among children under five children in developing country. Thus identification of associated factors of childhood illness would help to guide strategic planning and prioritize interventions. Objectives: To assess the magnitude and associated factors of common childhood illness among under five children in Endamohoni district, Tigray, Ethiopia. 2024. Methods: A community based cross sectional study design was employed. The study population were all children aged below 59 months and residents in the randomly selected Kebeles of Endamohoni District. A total of 552 study participants were selected using systematic random sampling technique and the sample size was determined using single and double proportion formula. Interviewer administered structured questionnaire was used to collect data. The data was entered in to Epi-data 4.4.2.1 and exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. Binary Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the influence of independent variables to the outcome variable. Variables with p-value of ≤ 0.25 in the bivariate analysis were transferred to multivariable analysis. In the multivariable analysis, variables with P-value of P < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Hosmer and Lemeshow was used to indicate goodness of fit. Result: One hundred eighty seven 33.9% (95% CI:30.0%-38.4%) under five children had common childhood illness. according to specific symptoms presence of cough ,diarrhea and fever were 15.2 % ( 95% CI:12.1%-18.3%) ,13 % ( 95% CI:10.1%-15.8%) and 12.3 % ( 95% CI:9.6%-15.4%). the factors affecting common childhood illness were place of residence (AOR= 2.3 (95% CI: (1.15, 4.59)), mother met minimum meal frequency while she was pregnant or lactating (AOR= 1.6 (95% CI: (1.05, 2.54)) and hand washing at critical times by family members (AOR= 4.00 (95% CI: (2.19, 7.56)). Conclusion and recommendation:. The findings of this study shows a concerning prevalence of common childhood illness ,affecting 33.9% of children in the surveyed population. in our community.by fostering better dietary practices and hygiene education ,we can create a healthier future for our children.