Ethiopia Institute of Technology- Mekelle

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    Post-war Risk Assessment and Management in Tigray: case study on Small and Medium Manufacturing Enterprises at Mekelle
    (Mekelle University, 2025-04-25) Berihu Teklay
    Small and medium manufacturing enterprises are critical to economic back bone of countries, but their mission and objectives is highly affected by war and faced for various risks and challenges. Researchers were finds that the impact or damage assessment of war in small and medium manufacturing enterprises but those studies are insufficient to identify specific post war risks to be face in the sector during post war recovering and how manage the specific risks. This study aims to investigate the post-war risks affecting SMMEs in Tigray and proposes strategies for effective risk management and resiliency. This study employs mixed method approach combination of qualitative and quantitative research design. Data was collected from literatures, government reports and data’s and primary data from survey interviews and questionnaires. The sample size of 90 number of enterprises were selected from the total of 1349 including textiles and garment, manufacturing material manufacturers, metals works and furniture’s, agro processing and chemical packaging’s sectors and 10 SMMEs industry experts and questionnaires was distributed. Qualitative and quantitative data analysis such as interviews, questionaries’ and relative important index was conducted in the study. A total of 32 post-war risks were identified and categorized into seven groups: financial, supply chain, market, human resource, operational, technological, and socio-political. Using statistical tool Relative Importance Index (RII) method, the study prioritized risks based on their likelihood, impact and their risk levels. Findings reveal that limited access to financial loans and supports, supply chain disruptions, increasing overall manufacturing cost and inflations are among the most critical risks to the survival of SMMEs in the region after the war. The study recommends management strategies such as strengthening government support, enhancing human resource development through educational partnerships, promoting market and supply chain diversification, and leveraging automation technologies. These strategies aim to enhance SMMEs’ resilience, support sustainable economic recovery, and contribute to long-term regional development. The research concludes with strategic recommendations and future research studies in investigation interrelationships between identified post-war risk factors, which could provide a deeper insight into how these risks interact and compound each other.