Mekelle Institute of Technology

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    Evaluation of Aframomum corrorima Seed Extracts and Their Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles for Their Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Wound Healing Activities
    (Mekelle University, 2025-04-28) Rahel Sisay Werede
    The emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria pose a significant medical challenge today. This research aimed to evaluate the antioxidant, antibacterial, and wound-healing activities of Aframomum corrorima seed extracts and their green-synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Seeds of A. corrorima, collected from Hawassa, were ground into powder, macerated with ethanol, methanol, and water, and extracted using the Soxhlet extraction method. The qualitative phytochemical profile of the A. corrorima seed extracts was evaluated. AgNPs were synthesized from the A. corrorima extracts, and their properties were analyzed using UV-Vis and FTIR spectroscopies, Scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The three extracts and the AgNPs were tested against E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and S. aureus. The wound-healing potential of the extracts, formulations, and the AgNPs was evaluated using a mice model. The antioxidant capacities of the seeds and AgNPs were also assessed. Phytochemical analysis revealed flavonoids, tannins, glycosides, phenols, saponins, and quinones, with no detectable proteins. The methanol extract showed the highest antioxidant activity (IC50 23.38 ± 0.86 mg/ml), but AgNPs exhibited significantly greater potency (IC50 4.41 ± 0.025 mg/ml). AgNPs characterization confirmed nanoscale synthesis. Antibacterial assays demonstrated that AgNPs, seed extracts, and their formulations effectively inhibited E. coli, S. aureus, and P. aeruginosa, surpassing controls. AgNPs were most effective against S. aureus, and synergistic combinations enhanced antibacterial activity. Toxicity tests confirmed the safety of extracts and AgNPs in mice. Wound-healing studies in mice showed that seed extract, AgNPs, and their formulation significantly accelerated wound contraction compared to controls and nitrofurazone. The formulation improved healing by 11% over standard ointment. AgNPs and extracts displayed wound-healing comparable to nitrofurazone. This research highlights the potential of A. corrorima seed extracts and AgNPs as safe and effective sources of antioxidants, antibacterial agents, and wound-healing therapeutics, offering alternatives for multidrug- resistant bacterial infections and wound management.