College of Dryland Agriculture and Natural Resources Management

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Author: search.filters.author.Gebregiorgis BerheSubject: search.filters.subject.intra row spacing

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    Inter- and Intra-Row Spacing Effect on Growth, yield and economic Benefit of Garlic (Allium sativum L.) Under Furrow Irrigation in Central and North Western Zones of Tigray, Northern Ethiopia
    (Mekelle University, 2025-06-16) Gebregiorgis Berhe
    Traditionally disorganized and haphazard plant spacing is among the inappropriate agronomic practices that seriously hinder the achievement of potential garlic production in central and north eastern zones of Tigray and the region at large. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted in 2023/2024 cropping season under ridge furrow irrigation to evaluate the effect of inter- and intra-row spacing patterns on yield and yield components of garlic at Hatsebo and Selekhlekha districts in Tigray. The experimental treatments includes three inter row spacing (10, 20 and 30 cm) and three intra row spacing (5, 10 and 15 cm).The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) in factorial arrangement with three replications. Results revealed that, except leaf number per plant, all yield and yield traits of garlic were significantly influenced by the interaction effect of inter and intra row spacing. In addition, the combined analysis of variance indicated that bulb diameter, clove width small, medium and large bulb size distribution, and total, marketable and unmarketable bulb yield had significantly influenced by the interaction effects of inter-row spacing × intra-row spacing × location. Longer date of maturity (145 days), higher plant height (63.5 cm), leaf length (44.05 cm, leaf width (2.31 cm), bulb diameter (5.41 cm), bulb length (4.34 cm), bulb weight (50.84g), clove weight (3.23 g), clove width (2.05 cm, shoot dry weight (4.72g) and bulb dry weight (22.51 g) were recorded from the wider inter and intra row spacing of 30 x 15 cm. However, lowest values for these parameters were recorded at the spacing 10 x 5 cm. The closest inter-row and intra-row spacing of 10 x 5 cm resulted in the highest total bulb yields of 70.05 ton/ha and 14.07 ton/ha at Hatsebo and Selekhlekha, respectively. This spacing also produced the highest unmarketable yield of 3.86 ton/ha and 4.78 ton/ha at the two locations, along with smaller bulb size distributions of 6.81 ton/ha and 6.13 ton/ha. In contrast, the wider spacing of 30 x 15 cm yielded the lowest values. The highest marketable yields of 16.31 ton/ha and 12.39 ton/ha at the Hatsebo and Selekhlekha sites respectively, along with medium bulb sizes of 9.05 ton/ha and 5.82 ton/ha, and large bulb sizes of 6.55 ton/ha and 4.67 ton/ha, were achieved through the interaction of medium inter-row and intra-row spacing of 20 x 10 cm at both locations Additionally the partial budget analysis also revealed that 20 x 10 cm inter- and intra-row spacing offered the highest MRR (1546.9%) indicating its higher profitability. Therefore, this treatment combination was suggested for use by farmers in the study areas of the Central and North Western zones and other parts of the region having similar agroecologies. However, it is essential that these findings be complemented with appropriate fertilizer recommendations on multiple locations and seasons to have a full package for garlic production under furrow irrigation.