College of Dryland Agriculture and Natural Resources Management

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    The Impact of War on Management Capacity, Wildlife Habitat Loss and Threats with Their Severity for Restoration in Kafta Sheraro National Park; Tigray-Ethiopia
    (Mekelle University, 2025-05-21) Haftom Hagos Asgedom
    The study was conducted in Kaftasheraro national park, a protected area in the Tigray region of Ethiopia found and it investigates the losses on management capacity, intensification of conservation challenges and potential restoration strategies for kafta Sheraro national Park, which has faced significant ecological threats, particularly during and after the recent war in the region. For threat severity ranking and restoration strategies 30 park personnel were select assuming strong understanding of the local environment, wildlife, and conservation practices of the park. with 12 FGD and 12 key respondents from development agents, kebele administers selected to gather information in depth.a mixed-methods approach both descriptive and thematic analysis were used. descriptive and statistical analyses, including the calculation of the Protected Area Relative Threatened Index (PARTI), this research identifies the primary threats to the park and evaluates potential management strategies to enhance its conservation capacity. illegal gold mining, wildlife hunting, domestic animal grazing, and agricultural encroachment have been the most persistent threats to the Park, with these pressures intensifying during the war years. The war period saw a sharp increase in the severity of threats, as law enforcement and conservation efforts were severely diminished. Post-war, while some recovery measures have been implemented by EWCA, however due to the continuing instability in the area the park is separated in to two parts until this study have been done makes the park management impossible to start formal work.The study identifies War induced losses on management, park wildlife habitat and current threats such as expansion of farming land, irregular gold mining, fire, free grazing, wildlife poaching, and weak enforcement continue to hinder effective conservation. Several key management strategies among the most highly ranked strengthening law enforcement (mean score = 4.46), providing continuous capacity-building training to park staff (mean score = 4.2), and ensuring that local communities benefit from the park’s resources (mean score = 4.5). Additionally, the removal of encroaching settlements, and the restoration of degraded habitats were emphasized as critical steps for future conservation efforts. To do these urgent concern needed from regional, federal and international conservation concerned bodies to take actions on restoration of the park before the problems become non reversible for sustained conservation of the park for now and future generation.
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    Effect of Tigray War (2020-2022) on Soil and Water Conservation activities in Dogua Tenbien and Enderta districts, Northern Ethiopia
    (Mekelle University, 2025-03-18) Abrhaley Redae
    The Tigray War (2020–2022) severely disrupted soil and water conservation (SWC) practices in Tigray (Northern Ethiopia). This study assessed the war's impact on SWC structures activities in Dogua Tenbien and Enderta weredas. Primary data were collected from two contrasting sites in both enclosure and farmland through field observations, physical measurement and unstructured interview. The augmented inverse probability weighting (AIPW) model was employed to compare areas with high-intensity conflict to those less affected. Results show that there was a clear damage in the conflict-intensive areas. In this context, the structural bunds were, on average, 91.37 meters longer, 11.78 meters higher, and 10.28 meters wider in their destruction compared to less-affected regions (p < 0.01). An average of 4.53 more trees were also cut down per 100-m² plot in high-conflict zones (p < 0.05). Field observations highlighted that many SWC structures were dismantled for military purposes, such as trench construction, which directly contributed to erosion and environmental degradation. Furthermore, charcoal harvesting sites averaged 3.6 per location in high-intensity conflict areas, compared to 0.08 per location in lessaffected zones, reflecting increased reliance on forest resources due to disrupted energy supplies. The findings highlights that the war brought devastating ecological impacts in the study area. With this in mind, restoring damaged SWC structures, incentivizing sustainable practices, and launching reforestation and renewable energy initiatives are required to mitigate environmental damages and support agricultural resilience.