College of Veterinary Sciences

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    ASSESSMENT OF KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE, AND PRACTICES OF THE COMMUNITY TOWARDS DOG-MEDIATED RABIES IN ENDERTA DISTRICT, TIGRAY, ETHIOPIA: A MIXED METHODS APPROACH
    (Mekelle University, 2024-12-25) Mebrahtu Gebreselassie
    Rabies is a neglected viral zoonotic disease prevalent in the tropics that significantly impacts developing countries like Ethiopia, primarily transmitted by domestic dogs, causing severe health risks and death to both humans and animals. A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess knowledge, attitude, and practices of the community towards dogmediated rabies in the Enderta district, Tigray, Ethiopia, from January 2024 to December 2024. Tabias were selected purposively, and a systematic random sampling technique was employed for the selection of sample units. Data were collected from 437 households through face-to-face interviews using a pretested and structured questionnaire. In addition to this, six focus group discussions (FGDs) and 12 key informant interviews (KIIs) were performed to collect qualitative data. The data were then analyzed using STATA statistical software version 13 for the quantitative data and thematic analysis for the qualitative data. Descriptive statistical techniques, Pearson’s chi-squares analysis, and univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the data. The findings revealed that the respondent had good knowledge (63.1%), good attitude (51.4%), and poor practice (43%). However, only 6.6% of respondents were aware of the causative agent of rabies disease. Although 88.3% of the respondents knew about vaccination as a means of rabies prevention, only 23.1% of the respondents practiced dog vaccination. Educated respondents were 8.91 times (AOR = 8.91; 95% CI: 1.070, 74.302) and 36.68 times (AOR = 36.68; 95% CI: 4.477, 300.485) more likely to have good knowledge and practices against rabies compared to respondents with non-formal education. Respondents who had dogs were 2.69 times (AOR = 2.69; 95% CI: 1.703, 4.274) more likely to have a favorable attitude about rabies compared to respondents who had no dogs. Generally, these findings indicate that the Enderta district community has good knowledge and attitude and poor practice about rabies; however, there are gaps in the community’s knowledge and attitudes regarding rabies. Therefore, educational outreach should be conducted to ensure accurate knowledge and attitudes and improve practices about rabies in the study area
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    ASSESSMENT OF KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICES OF DAIRY FARM OWNERS TOWARDS FEED BORNE AFLATOXIN IN SELECTED ZONES OF TIGRAY REGION, ETHIOPIA
    (Mekelle University, 2025-06-17) Smaon Tekia
    Aflatoxin contamination in dairy value chains poses a critical public health and economic challenge in Ethiopia and Tigray region, where dairy farming is a vital livelihood. Despite the region’s vulnerability to food safety threats, information about aflatoxin there is insufficient documentation. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices of dairy farm owners towards aflatoxin. A cross-sectional study was conducted in selected sites; Adigrat, Mekelle, Maychew, from November, 2024 to June 2025. Quantitative Data were collected from 362 dairy farm owners through face-toface interviews using a pretested and structured questionnaire. Moreover, four FGDs and 42 KIIs were performed to collect qualitative data. The current study revealed that the respondents had an overall poor knowledge, with 81.2% demonstrating inadequate understanding of aflatoxins. Only 34.3% of participants were aware that toxins produced in moldy animal feed can be transmitted to humans through milk consumption. Additionally, 47.8% recognized that moldy feed can affect the health of their animals. Regarding attitude, majority of respondents (82.3%) exhibited an overall unfavorable attitude towards aflatoxin, with 69.9% believed that aflatoxins present in moldy feed cannot be transferred to milk consumers. In terms of practice, higher proportion (90.3%) of the respondents showed poor practices, as only 28.5% stored their animal feed (both concentrate and roughage) in barns or sheds that are protected from excessive humidity and sunlight. Respondents from Mekelle city were 8.5 times (AOR=8.5; 95% CI: 2.830, 25.854) more likely to have good knowledge about aflatoxin compared to respondents from Maychew town and the difference was found to be statistically significant (P<0.05). Moreover, respondents with age group >45 years old were 13.3 times (AOR = 13.3; 95% CI: 1.423,125.942) more likely to have good knowledge towards aflatoxin compared to respondents with the age group between 18-29 years old and the difference was found to be statistically significant (P<0.05). Generally, the dairy farm owners of the study area had an overall poor knowledge, attitude and practice towards aflatoxin. Therefore, targeted education and strengthened extension services are urgently needed to improve dairy farm owners' knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards aflatoxin.