Department of Managment

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Author: search.filters.author.Asqual HagosSubject: search.filters.subject.Disp

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    DETERMINANTS OF LIVELIHOOD CHALLENGES IN CONFLICT PRONE AREA: THE CASE OF SAMRE WOREDA
    (Mekelle University, 2025-06-25) Asqual Hagos
    This study investigates the determinants of livelihood challenges in SamreWoreda, a conflictprone district in southeastern Tigray, Ethiopia, focusing on Lemlem-Arena, Samre-Town, and Nebar-HadnetKebeles. Conflict-prone areas face significant livelihood challenges due to violence, resource scarcity, and has led to land scarcity in rural farm households. These challenges include the destruction of physical assets, restricted access to land and resources, and the breakdown of social networks. Violent conflicts often lead to a cycle of poverty and insecurity, exacerbated by displacement and resource disputes. Households often adopt reactive coping strategies. The lack of effective governance and institutional support hinders the development of sustainable livelihood strategies. In light of the devastating impacts of armed conflict on rural communities, the study aims to understand how conflict has affected livelihoods, especially in agrarian households. A mixed-methods research design was employed, integrating both qualitative and quantitative approaches, data from 198 households, supplemented by focus group discussions (56 participants) and key informant interviews. Descriptive statistics and SPSS Version 27 were employed for data analysis. Data were collected from households, selected through purposive and simple random sampling. Primary data were gathered via household surveys, key informant interviews, and focus group discussions, and were complemented by relevant secondary sources. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS Version 27 and descriptive statistical tools. The study explores three major aspects in a logical sequence: the current situation of livelihood challenges in the area, the livelihood strategies adopted by dispossessed and resettled households, and theunderlying determinantsof these livelihood disruptions. The Findings indicate that conflict has caused widespread disruption to the agricultural economy, the primary livelihood source in the area. Nearly 97% of respondents reported substantial income losses. Determinants such as displacement, destruction of infrastructure, poor market linkages, and reduced access to agricultural inputs and extension services have further deepened the crisis. The study identifies several determinants of vulnerability, includinghousehold size, proximity to markets, availability of financial services, andgender-based disparities. Women, in particular, face compounded marginalization due to unequal access to land, credit, and protective services. Men, meanwhile, experience role dislocation and trauma. Qualitative findings further illustrate high levels of food insecurity, collapsed health and education systems, and weakened institutional support. The research highlights that mitigating livelihood challenges in conflict-affected areas like SamreWoreda requires integrated, context-sensitive, and gender-responsive interventions, and emphasize the need for asset-based recovery programs, revitalization of agriculture and extension services, enhanced market and credit accessas well asclimate-resilient practices. Furthermore, sustainable recovery must prioritize inclusive development, peacebuilding efforts, andinstitutional coordination to foster long-term resilience.