Department of Business Management
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://repository.mu.edu.et/handle/123456789/117
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Item THE ROLE OF MICRO CREDIT UTILIZATION ON ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT OF SELF-EMPLOYED WOMEN; THE CASE OF ADI HAKI SUB CITY OF MEKELLE CITY(Mekelle University, 2025-06-28) Hiluf TadeseMicrofinance empowers women by putting capital in their hands and allowing them to earn an independent income and contribute financially to their households and communities. Despite this micro credit utilization have major challenges and its role is questionable. Descriptive research design with mixed approaches was employed. The study used primary data collected through questionnaires distributed to self-employed women of Adi haki sub city. The descriptive analysis reveals that credit adequacy, interest rate, rigidity of repayment schedule and post credit service were important challenges of micro credit utilization by self-employed women. Also, the study find plays a greatest role in empowering self-employed women by increasing their income level, saving habit, right over assets and decision-making involvement. Therefore, this study recommends for enhancing micro credit utilization, micro finance institutions should introduce scalable loan products with progressive increases based on repayment history and business growth and should adopt flexible repayment plans aligned with cash flows borrowers as rigidity of repayment schedule is a major challenge of micro credit utilization by self-employed women. The study also recommends post credit service including skills training, market linkages, and financial literacy should be provided by micro finance institutions, other non-governmental organizations and the government bodies timely and properly.Item THE EFFECT OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY ON COMPANY COMPETITIVENESS (THE CASE OF COMMERCIAL BANK OF ETHIOPIA MEKELLE DISTRICT(Mekelle University, 2025-06-28) TADESE TEKLUThis study investigates the effect of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on company competitiveness, focusing on Commercial Bank of Ethiopia (CBE) Mekelle district. In an era where business success is increasingly measured not only by profit but also by social and environmental impact, CSR has emerged as a strategic tool for long term organizational growth. As Ethiopia’s largest financial institution, CBE has implemented various CSR initiatives ranging from community development and educational support to environmental conservation and financial literacy programs. However, the extent to which these initiatives contribute to the bank’s competitiveness, especially at the branch level, remains unclear. The research employed a mixed-methods approach, utilizing both primary and secondary data. Questionnaire were distributed to 166 respondents, comprising customers and employees from four selected CBE branches. Quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS to assess the relationship between CSR practices and indicators of competitiveness such as customer loyalty, brand reputation, and employee engagement. Findings reveal a strong positive correlation between CSR activities not only to enhance the bank’s public image but also foster stakeholders trust and internal commitment. Despite these benefits challenges such as weak strategic alignment, limited monitoring mechanisms, and low stakeholder awareness hinder the full integration of CSR in to business strategy. The study concludes that CSR is a powerful driven of competitiveness when proactively and strategically implemented. It recommends that CBE strengthen CSR integration within its core operations, enhance stakeholder education, and establish systematic evaluation tools. The research contributes to the broader understanding of CSR’s strategic role in emerging markets and offers practical insights for policymakers, banking institutions, and CSR practitioners.Item Assessment of Marketing Strategy Practices in the Case of Messebo Cement Factory, Ethiopia, Tigray(Mekelle University, 2025-06-28) Goitom HailemariamThis study assesses the marketing strategy practices at Messebo Cement Factory in Tigray, Ethiopia, focusing on the 4 Ps of the marketing mix and their impact on customer satisfaction and loyalty. Guided by the 4 Ps Marketing Mix, Expectation-Confirmation, and Relationship Marketing theories, the research employed a mixed-methods approach, collecting data from 58 respondents through a survey. Descriptive findings revealed that Messebo Cement Factory generally performs well in product variety, quality, broad market accessibility, and diverse promotional channels. However, specific areas identified for improvement include packaging quality, price competitiveness and transparency, delivery timeliness and reliability, effectiveness of channel partner collaborations, and the clarity and convincing nature of marketing messages. Correlation analysis indicated significant positive relationships between all marketing mix elements and both customer satisfaction and loyalty, with customer satisfaction being a very strong predictor of customer loyalty (r=0.755,p<0.001). Multiple regression analysis further demonstrated that, collectively, the four marketing mix strategies significantly explain 38.8% of the variance in customer satisfaction (F(4,53)=8.403,p<0.001). While the overall model was significant and diagnostics confirmed its robustness, individual marketing mix elements did not emerge as statistically significant unique predictors of customer satisfaction in the model. The study concludes that while Messebo Cement Factory’s marketing strategies are moderately effective, their collective impact is crucial for customer satisfaction. Recommendations include targeted improvements in product packaging, pricing clarity, distribution efficiency, channel partner engagement, and refining promotional messaging to enhance overall customer satisfaction and foster stronger customer loyalty and brand advocacy in a competitive market.Item Effect of procurement practice on Business Performance: The case of bank of Abyssinia s.c Addis Ababa Head office(Mekelle University, 2025-06-28) Hagazi DesalewThe purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of procurement practice on business performance: in the caseof Bank of Abyssinia s.c Addis Ababa Head office. Explanatory and Descriptive research design is used to undertake the research. The study used secondary data sources. Questionnaire that was tailored with the help of literature to collect the relevant information from the respondents. The questionnaire included 40 items categorized into 5 parts, which are general information on business performance, inventory management, procurement planning, procurement controlling, and procurement training work force. The survey was carried out at 5 bank of Abyssina Department Head office respondent employees. A sample of 143 employees was selected. With the support of the SPSS statistics V26 software system: - descriptive, correlation, and regression analysis was conducted to generate results. Correlation analysis was used in this study to show the relation between dependent and independent variables. Based on this, all variables have a positive and significant relationship with business performance. Multiple regression analysis was used in establishing the significance of the relationship between inventory management, procurement planning, procurement controlling, and procurement training workforce which in the findings, has a positive and significance relationship. The finding suggested that all variables have a slight positive effects impact on Business’ performance except controlling which was at a strongly high range. As the output of the training and development programs must be intensively evaluated to enhance the overall performance of the employees, the researcher recommended that CBE needs to give due emphasis to the evaluation aspects of a training program.Item ASSESSMENT OF EMPLOYEES’ PERCEPTION TOWARDS HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES A CASE STUDY OF SELECTED IN EDUCATION OFFICE IN ABERGELE YECHILA WEREDA CENTRAL ZONE REGION TIGRAY, ETHIOPIA(Mekelle University, 2025-05-28) HADUSH GEBREMARIAM HAGOSThe aim of this study was to determine how Abergele Yechila Wereda Central Zone employees felt about HRM practices. When implementing these internal standards, the sector encountered issues with formal follow-up following training, unjust promotions and salaries, and restrictions on employee participation in decision making. Data was collected from operational staff members and team leaders. Using a cross-sectional survey method, the researcher employed both quantitative and qualitative research methods. To make the sample more typical of the population, the researcher utilized stratified sampling to choose a sample from each stratum using a sample size determination table. To analyze the data collected utilizing various data collection methods, the researcher employed both descriptive and inferential statistics. To gather primary data, five Point Likert-Scale questionnaires were used. 90 completed replies were sent back. To evaluate the empirical data gathered from the closed-ended questionnaire, SPSS 20 was utilized. The dependent variable is employee performance, while the independent variables include hiring and selection, training and development, pay, employee relationships, and performance reviews. The dependent and independent variables' mean, frequency, and percentile were calculated and analyzed. The correlation result showed that all of the independent variables, with the exception of the compensation variable, had a positive relationship with the dependent variable, meaning that any change in the independent variable would result in a corresponding change in the performance of employees. It also showed that the independent variables had a 70% influence on the dependent variable, with the remaining 29.2% being influenced by factors not included in this study. Researchers should also use the results of this study to further empirical research in the field of human resources.Item EFFECTS OF CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT ON MARKET PERFORMANCE: THE CASE OF COMMERCIAL BANK OF ETHIOPIA (CBE) IN ABI-ADI TOWN AND ITS NEIGHBORING WOREDAS, TIGRAY.(Mekelle University, 2025-04-28) HADUSH ABRHAIn the evolving and competitive landscape of the banking industry, Customer Relationship Management (CRM) has emerged as a pivotal strategy for driving sustainable market performance. This study examines the effect of CRM dimensions on the market performance of the Commercial Bank of Ethiopia (CBE), focusing on its branches in Abi-Adi Town and neighboring woredas in Tigray. The research centers on four strategic CRM dimensions: Key Customer Focus (KCF), Customer Knowledge Management (CKM), CRM Organization (CRMO), and Technology-Based CRM (TCRM). Employing a quantitative, cross-sectional design, data were collected from 90 employees through structured questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS version 24. The reliability of the instrument was confirmed with high Cronbach’s Alpha values, all exceeding 0.80. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and multiple regression were used to test the research hypotheses. The results reveal that all four CRM dimensions significantly and positively affect market performance. Notably, CRM Organization had the strongest influence (β = 0.416), followed by Key Customer Focus (β = 0.307), Customer Knowledge Management (β = 0.173), and Technology-Based CRM (β = 0.162). The adjusted R² value of 0.764 indicates that over 76% of the variance in market performance can be explained by these CRM factors. These findings underscore that CRM, when strategically aligned and executed, enhances customer satisfaction, retention, profitability, and overall brand reputation. The study concludes that CBE’s strength lies in its CRM organization and customer-centric strategies, although challenges remain in digital literacy and service consistency across branches. The research offers practical recommendations for bank management to deepen CRM integration through employee training, technology optimization, customer data analytics, and performance monitoring. It also highlights directions for future research, such as longitudinal studies, multi-sector analysis, and customer-focused CRM evaluations. Ultimately, this study contributes to both academic knowledge and practical banking operations by illuminating how CRM strategies can be leveraged to sustain competitive advantage in Ethiopia’s financial sector.Item ASSESSING THE EFFECT OF BRAND AWARENESS ON ENHANCING EXPORT OF GROUNDNUT IN ETHIOPIAN TIGRAY REGION(Mekelle University, 2025-06-11) GIRMAY TEAMIRGroundnut is economically important oilseeds grown in Ethiopia This crop most of the time grown as a food crop and a cash crop by smallholder farmers in the study area. The area has potential to the production of Groundnut for food and nutrition security as well as export. However, shortage of suitable environment imposes biggest obstacles to its production. To this end, the experiment was conducted in Abregele district five kebeles Hadnet, Lemlem, Enda Rufael, Negedebirhan, Gera.The aim of the study was to evaluate and identify the adaptable, best performing variety in agronomic traits and high yielding at study area. The study also considered four measurements of brand awareness such as recognition, recall, Top of the mind and Dominant to measure the customer buying decision behavior of groundnut products in Tigray region. The researcher uses quantitative research design, among the various quantitative methods, the researcher used explanatory study, where emphasis is given on studying a situation or a problem in order to explain the relationship variables. 183 groundnut consumers are selected from the total ground nut producers, merchants and consumers. the Pearson correlation test conducted between customer buying decision and brand awareness, there is a strong relationship between them. The regressions result showed that, the linear combination of all the components of brand awareness takes into account that the present study was significantly affected to the variance, except Dominant. The ANOVA test result also confirmed that, the prediction power of brand awareness is found to be statistically significant. From the beta coefficient result, the researcher found that, recognition is found to be the most important variable in predicting the dependent variable customer decision making, followed by top of the mind, recall and Dominant. Finally, the researcher concludes that brand awareness about groundnut has a significant positive effect on improving export performance of the groundnut and customer decision making.Item THE EFFECT OF MARKETING MIX ELEMEON CUSTOMER SATIFACTION: A CASE OF STUDY ON COMMERCIAL BANK ETHIOPIA GIJECT BRANCH ON FOCUS(Mekelle University, 2025-05-28) GEBRHIWOT TSEGAYThe purpose of the study was to examine the effective of marketing mix elements on customer satisfaction of commercial bank Ethiopia in Gijet branch. The study used explanatory research design to which examines causal linkage marketing mix elements on customer satisfaction. The study used quantitative approaches. This study considered 372 banking customers from the selected Gijet branch of the bank. More data, the study was used both descriptive and multiple leaner regression analysis. This study result that that have statistically significant effect are price, place, promotion, process, product, and physical evidence on customer satisfaction. Whereas that not implied statistically significant is people on customer satisfaction. The independent variables explained 0.58 of the variation on the dependent variable. Which implies that is 0.42 of the variation explained by the other variables, which are not included in the model. The competitive advantage competitive environment is working under bank to have. Bank manager should be having an equipped and human resource. If the bank have available employees that is motivate and committed in their job, then the bank is attract more customer and retain existing customers. The bank should be invest time, resource and building their customer interest and their bank. In addition, should be providing training and development their employees based the customers handing and their perspective.Item The effect of Leadership Styles on Organizational Performance in Tanqua Milash Wereda, Centeral Zone, Tigray, Ethiopia(Mekelle University, 2025-06-28) Gebreslassie HailemariamThis study investigates the effect of leadership styles on organizational performance in Tanqua Milash Wereda, a newly established administrative unit in Tigray, Ethiopia. Given its nascent stage and challenges like resource constraints, political interference, and workforce shortages, effective leadership is crucial for service delivery and sustainable development. The research used a combination of methods to gather information, collecting numerical data from 215 structured questionnaires and personal insights from 18 semi-structured interviews, while looking at six types of leadership: autocratic, transactional, transformational, democratic, charismatic, and laissezfaire. Key findings indicate a predominant reliance on autocratic leadership, with 77.4% of respondents reporting exclusion from decision-making. This leadership style strongly correlated with poor organizational performance, evidenced by critically low employee motivation (78.3% negative perception) and minimal recognition of staff contributions (82.1% negative perception). Transformational and democratic styles, while linked to higher performance in literature, were largely absent in practice. Qualitative data further highlighted systemic barriers including inadequate leadership training, bureaucratic inefficiencies, and political interventions hindering good governance. The study contributes empirical evidence on leadership dynamics in newly formed Ethiopian weredas, addressing a significant research gap. It highlights the serious problems caused by strict control in areas with limited resources and suggests practical solutions like leadership training programs, reforms for involving people in decision-making, and changes in policies to reduce political interference. Ultimately, this research emphasizes the need for a systemic shift toward adaptive leadership approaches to enhance organizational effectiveness, employee satisfaction, and public service delivery in Tanqua Milash Wereda, offering a framework for similar developing contexts.Item Factors affecting the performance of women entrepreneurs in micro and small enterprises in case of Atsbi Endasilasie Town(Mekelle University, 2025-06-28) GEBRE GIRMAY TESFAYEntrepreneurial activities play a critical role in the development and well-being of societies. Different sources argue that globally women have started businesses in significantly greater numbers over the past two decades, though gender inequality in entrepreneurship continues to be prominent when compared to the traditional labor market. In Ethiopia, the importance of enterprises owned by women entrepreneurs is noticed on different documents like industrial policy, micro and small enterprises development strategy, and the growth and transformation plan one and two to accelerate growth and reduce poverty. Despite this, both the growth and performance of women-owned micro and small enterprises remain a concern, although women entrepreneurship has gained popularity in the country with a growing number of women to start and run their own business. The aim of the study was assessing the key factors affecting the performance of women entrepreneurs in micro and small enterprises in Atsbi endasilasie town, Tigray. Stratified sampling method was used to select the given sample size and primary and secondary data was also used. The descriptive and inferential analyses findings were assessed in terms of different variables such as demographic characteristics of the study participants, economic, social, cultural and legal/administrative characteristics of the study participants. According to the coefficient of determination result, response variable was explained by the 71.1% explanatory factors (economic, social, cultural, and legal/administrative factors) and the assumption of multiple linear regressions such as variance inflation factor, test overall model, and the correlation analysis was also fulfilled. The results of inferential statistics i.e. multiple regression analysis that, there is statistically significant relationship between economic, social, cultural and legal/administrative factors and performance of women entrepreneurs in micro and small enterprises. Concluded that the findings of the study imply that economic, social, cultural and legal/administrative factors have significant effect on the performance of women entrepreneurs in Atsbi endasilasie Town.