College of Law and Governance

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A RESEARCH THE MAJOR CHALLENGES ON THE RIGHTS OF WORKERS AT THE TANNERY TREATMENT FACTORY: A CASE OF MOJO FRIENDSHIP TANNERY INDUSTRY
(Mekelle University, 2024-08-28) SABA FIKADU
The study was conducted with the objective of assessing the major challenges in the treatment of the rights of factory workers: the case of Mojo Friendship Tannery Industry .The research was conducted in Modjo, specifically at Friendship Tannery Industry. In addressing this objective, the study has looked into working conditions along with recruitment process, working hours, wage, and leave and safety provision. In addition, the study assesses the existence of responsible bodies towards improving the working conditions and protecting the rights of employees. The study found that the sector is one of the industries creating employment opportunities. However, the working environment at the industry is abusive with dire working conditions. This is despite the existence of adequate legal instruments at the national, regional and international level which protects employees from unfavorable working condition. The absence of responsible authoritative bodies protecting the rights of workers makes the realization of protecting the rights of employees at Modjo Friendship Tannery Industry far from realization. Therefore, addressing this problem has indispensable benefits to improve the treatment of the rights of factory workers in the country and contribute to understanding of this disastrous phenomenon. The aim of this research was to investigate effective engagement strategies to improve the qualities of the treatment of the rights of factory workers. It identified the most significant factors in the treatment of the rights of factory workers at Modjo Friendship Tannery Industry through questionnaire and interviews. From the total population of 300, 144 respondents were selected using Taro Yemane (1967) sample size determination formula. Data was gathered using questionnaire and interview from this sample of 144 randomly selected workers of Modjo Friendship Tannery Industry. Using statistical analysis; the research measured the collected data and draw conclusions and recommendations.
An Assessment of Teacher’s perception and practice of Gender equality in education; in Case of secondary school Hintalo Woreda, Tigray Region, Ethiopi
(Mekelle University, 2025-08-28) Teweldeberhan Berhe Tedlla
Having its desperate importance and great effort of governmental and nongovernmental organization to achieve gender equality in education, this study intended to critically assess teacher’s perception and practice of gender equality in education in woreda Hintalo secondary schools. mixed research approach was selected by involving interview, questionnaire; focused group discussion and document study as data collection instruments. collected data was analyzed carefully with both descriptive and inferential statistics. under descriptive statics measurement, such as, frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation were used where as in inferential statistics ANOVAs variance and T-test were employed. The results of descriptive statistics revealed that most of teacher’s have favorable perception about gender equality but they lack skills to practice. Harmful traditional practice, sexual harassment, sexual abuse and bullies found to be challenges to practice gender equality whereas teacher’s lacks knowledge and skills to respond to gender based violence in education. ANOVAs variance revealed that teacher’s demographic characteristics, such as, teachers’ subject background and level of education have no significant difference on perception, practice, challenges and teachers’ respond to gender based violence in their schools. However, significant difference found with age and teaching experience on challenges to practice gender equality in education. Independent T-test found the significant difference between male and female teachers with perception practice and teachers’ respond to gender based violence in their school. However significant difference not found between sexes with challenges to practice gender equality in education. On other hand significant difference not revealed with school types on perception, practice and teachers’ respond to gender based violence except on challenges to practice gender equality in education. Based on the results of finding it is recommended that teachers should be trained on gender and sexual reproductive health to avoid bias they brought to class and to identify students with problems. For stance there should be the existence of inclusive and active gender clubs, separate toilet, school counselor, policies, procedures rules and regulations should be protect female students from intimidation, sexual harassment, sexual abuse and sanitary pad in the school, school communities, government and other concern bodies should work together to support students, awareness should created at family level by sharing roles boys and girls equally
AN ASSESSMENT THE PRACTICES OF GOOD GOVERNANCE AND ITS CHALLENGS AT IROB WOREDA ADMINISTRATION: IN CASE OF ENDAMOSSA AND HAREZESEBAETA KEBELLE ADMINISTRATION OFFICES.
(Mekelle University, 2025-07-28) SENAY KAHSAY HAILU
This study assessed the practice of good governance and its challenges at Irob Woreda administration, focusing on Endamossa and Hareze-sebaeta kebelle offices. Previous studies rarely investigated governance at the kebelle level, and often lacked clear methodological design. A mixed approach with an explanatory sequential design was employed, using both quantitative and qualitative methods. Purposive sampling was applied to select key informants, while simple random sampling was used for respondents. Data were collected through structured and semi-structured questionnaires, interviews, and secondary sources, and analyzed using frequency, percentages, and classifications. Findings revealed that corruption, poverty, lack of institutional capacity, shortage of funds, weak commitment of leaders and employees, limited infrastructure, poor technology, absence of transparency and accountability, delays in justice, and weak leadership are major factors undermining good governance. Respondents expressed dissatisfaction with most public services due to these shortcomings. The main challenges identified include corruption, insufficient infrastructure, political instability, migration of skilled manpower, lack of capacity-building programs, and inadequate resources. The study recommends that kebelle leaders, employees, and residents be sensitized to the principles of good governance and apply them in practice. It further suggests enhancing transparency and accountability, creating forums for public participation, strengthening human resource management and development, improving monitoring and performance evaluation, addressing citizens’ needs effectively, and fostering collaboration between government, communities, and NGOs to improve service delivery.
Analyzing the Legal and Institutional Frameworks for Safeguarding Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) in Ethiopia and Special Focus in Tigray
(Mekelle University, 2025-03-21) Hamelmal Gebrekiristos
This thesis critically examines the legal and institutional frameworks for the protection of Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) in Ethiopia, with a special focus on the Tigray region. Despite hosting one of the largest IDP populations in Africa, Ethiopia lacks a comprehensive and binding legal and institutional framework dedicated to address the rights and needs of IDPs. This contrasts with the robust protections available to refugees under international law. The absence of constitutional provisions for conflictinduced displacement and the reservation placed by Ethiopia upon ratifying the Kampala Convention underscore these gaps. The research employed a qualitative Desk review analysis of international, regional, and national legal instruments, this thesis demonstrates that IDPs in Ethiopia particularly in Tigray are systematically left behind. Drawing upon field reports, agency publications, and academic commentary, this work identifies critical deficiencies in existing Ethiopian policies and legal mechanisms. It concludes that durable legal reform and institutional commitment are necessary to bridge the protection gap. This thesis affirms the urgent need for structural reforms to protect the dignity and rights of IDPs. Without comprehensive legal frameworks and operational institutions, displaced persons in Ethiopia and beyond will remain vulnerable to neglect, abuse, and statelessness within their own borders. The experience of Tigray must serve as a catalyst for rethinking IDP protection at all levels of governance.
ASSES THE ROLE INDIGENOUS CONFLICT RESOLUTION PRACTICIES: THE CASE OF WEJERAT COMMUNITY IN SOUTHEAST TIGRAY, ETHIOPIA
(Mekelle University, 2025-08-28) GEBRETSADIK ASHAGRE
This research was carried out to assess the position of the role of indigenous conflict resolution mechanism and democratization of the Wejerat community in the southern part of Tigray. To conduct this study, the researcher employed the qualitative methodology. Focus group discussions, in depth interview and participant observation were used to obtain the necessary data from the sample respondents in four tabeyas namely Gonkua, Bahri Tseba and Senale and sebebera. On top of this, the research observed at various scholarly articles related to the role of indigenous conflict resolution and promoting peace. The findings of the study showed that conflict prevails in Wejerat community. The conflicts are mostly caused by Hizaeti (grazing land), farm land .The study also revealed that in the traditional conflict resolution, the community mostly employs the win - win approach on which there is neither a looser nor a winner, but issues are compromised for mutual gain. Moreover, it was found that indigenous conflict resolution mechanism seem to be more appropriate than the modern ones or the court in conflict resolution because they are not easily exposed to bribery , are good at bringing sustainable peace, and they are more helpful in time management.
ASSESING THE ROLE OF “GEREB’’CONFLICT RESOLUTION MECHANISM; OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES IN RAYA AZEBO, TIGRAY, ETHIOPIA
(Mekelle University, 2025-02-17) ASEFU HAILU
In Ethiopia, a nation characterized by over 80 diverse ethnic groups, traditional conflict resolution mechanisms, such as the “Gereb’’ , play a crucial role in maintaining social harmony and stability. Unlike Western individualistic approaches, African communal living emphasizes collective responsibility in addressing conflicts. This study explores indigenous conflict resolution mechanisms in Raya Azebo Woreda, focusing on the traditional institution known as Gereb. The primary objective is to assess the effectiveness of Gereb in handling conflicts within the community. To achieve this, a qualitative research methodology was employed, collecting data from both primary and secondary sources. Primary data were gathered through semistructured interviews and focus group discussions with key informants using open-ended questions. The research design used is case study. A purposive sampling technique was applied to ensure the collection of relevant and in-depth evidence. The study analyzes conflicts through the lens of community experiences, opinions, attitudes, and relationships while identifying the underlying reasons behind these conflicts. The findings indicate that the Gereb institution plays a significant role in resolving local disputes and contributing to the advancement of modern institutions. It fosters social harmony, peace, and security by bringing conflicting parties together and facilitating reconciliation. Moreover, it is a cost-effective and time-efficient alternative compared to modern judicial systems. To enhance its effectiveness, integrating Gereb with the formal court system is crucial, ensuring its decisions are legally recognized. However, challenges exist, including governmental mismanagement, generational shifts, and the influence of modernization, which threaten the institution's sustainability. Thus, policy interventions are needed to provide training, incentives, financial support, and formal recognition to strengthen this indigenous conflict resolution mechanism.
ASSESSING CUSTOMARY CONFLICT RESOLUTION MECHANISMS AMONG THE NUER IN JIOKOW WOREDA, THE GAMBELLA REGION, ETHIOPIA
(Mekelle University, 2025-05-25) GATBEL REAK CHUOL
In Ethiopia, customary dispute resolution mechanisms address conflicts among clans, sub-clans, and families. Limited data existed on these practices in the Gambella region, particularly Jiokow Woreda. This study evaluated the customary conflict resolution mechanisms among the Nuer in Jiokow Woreda, focusing on their methods and effectiveness. Primary data were collected via focus group discussions (FGD), key informant interviews (KII), and non-participant observation, while secondary data were sourced from books, journal articles, and agency reports. Qualitative data from 22 key informants and 28 FGD participants knowledgeable about these mechanisms were analyzed thematically. Findings revealed conflicts stemmed from disputes over grazing lands, farmlands, cattle rustling, adultery, elopement, rape, weddings, dances, impregnation, divorce, leadership rivalries, status conflicts, drunkenness, firearm access, and cattle camp ownership. State politics, murders, and revenge killings, alongside population pressure and resource competition, intensified these issues. Resulting losses included looted cattle, destroyed crops, burned villages, and displaced populations, fracturing social bonds. Disputes were managed through customary methods—such as blood compensation with cattle, sefer shums’ courts, earth priests, leopard skin chiefs, village elders, and church leaders—and modern government systems, including criminal detention and enforced reparations. Though operating concurrently, these approaches lacked formal integration. Customary practices, valued for their indigenous roots, held greater local legitimacy. However, the parallel systems created a resolution gap. The government should assess Nuer Zone woredas, especially Jiokow, to integrate customary justice into regional legal frameworks, bolster social courts, host peace-building conferences, and devise effective strategies for sustainable peace and social harmony.
Assessing Irregular Youth Migration in Post-War Tigray: Causes and Consequences in the Case of Gulomokeda Wereda
(Mekelle University, 2025-08-28) Solomon Berhe Hadush
This thesis investigates irregular youth migration in post-war Tigray, focusing on Gulomokeda Wereda. Using a mixed-methods approach that combines quantitative and qualitative data, the study employed a cross-sectional survey of 106 migrant returnees, complemented by focus group discussions with local elders, school principals, and community leaders, while secondary data from government offices provided historical context. Stratified sampling was used to ensure representation, and Yamane’s formula determined a sample size of 98 from a population of 4,621 households across three strata. The findings show that irregular youth migration is driven by multiple interrelated factors, including socio-economic pressures, limited educational opportunities, and the lingering impacts of conflict, with unemployment identified as the most critical push factor. These migration patterns have wide-ranging consequences, particularly the disruption of family structures, the loss of productive labor that weakens local economies, and the erosion of community cohesion. In general, the study highlights localized dynamics of post-war youth migration in Tigray and offers insights to guide policy responses by local authorities and international organizations.
ASSESSING THE BEHAVIOR OF ETHIOPIAN FOREIGN POLICY FROM A NATIONAL INTEREST PERSPECTIVE: THE CASE OF ETHIOPIA-ERITREA RELATIONS
(Mekelle University, 2025-05-25) AMANIEL HADUSH
Ethiopian foreign policy has historically been shaped by the imperative of safeguarding national interests, including security, economic development, and regional stability. By employing a qualitative analysis grounded in realism and national interest theory, the research explores how Ethiopia has prioritized and balanced political, economic, and security interests in its approach to Eritrea from the post-independence period to the present. It seeks to assess the extent to which Ethiopia's foreign policy decisions concerning Eritrea are driven by the pursuit and protection of its core national interests, such as security, economic development, and regional influence. By examining key historical junctures, policy shifts, and diplomatic engagements, the research analyzes the interplay of domestic and external factors shaping Ethiopia's strategic choices. It deals how Ethiopia’s strategic decisions ranging from conflict to reconciliation have been driven by core national interests, particularly in the context of the 1998-2000 boarder war and the subsequent peace agreement in 2018. By analyzing key diplomatic, security, and economic factors, the research explores the extent to which Ethiopia’s foreign policy toward Eritrea aligns with its broader national objectives. The findings contribute to understanding the interplay between national interest and foreign policy in the Horn of Africa, offering insights into the dynamics of conflict resolution and regional diplomacy.
Assessing the Causes and Consequences of Human Trafficking: The Case of woreda Bora in Tigray Regional State, Ethiopia
(Mekelle University, 2025-08-28) ABADI KALAYU
Human trafficking remains a critical human rights issue, with profound social, economic, and psychological consequences. This study investigates the underlying causes and far-reaching effects of human trafficking in Woreda Bora, located in the Tigray region of Ethiopia. Using a mixed-methods approach, the research combines qualitative interviews with local authorities, victims, and community members, along with quantitative surveys to identify patterns and risk factors. Key drivers identified include poverty, lack of educational and employment opportunities, weak law enforcement, and social instability exacerbated by regional conflict. The consequences observed range from psychological trauma and family disintegration to long-term economic disenfranchisement and health problems among survivors. The findings highlight the urgent need for integrated interventions that address both the root causes and the rehabilitative needs of victims. Policy recommendations are provided to strengthen community resilience, improve law enforcement capacity, and foster socioeconomic development as a preventive strategy against trafficking. The study concludes that addressing human trafficking in this context requires integrated responses that combine post-conflict recovery, legal enforcement, economic empowerment, community education, and psychosocial support. This research contributes to the broader understanding of trafficking in conflict zones and informs targeted interventions for vulnerable populations in Tigray and beyond.
Assessing the Causes and Impacts of Irregular Migration in Abi –Adi Town, Tigray Region, Ethiopia
(Mekelle University, 2025-08-28) Gebrehiwot Abraha
The study was designed to assess the causes and impacts of irregular migration in Abi-Adi town which is found in Tigray region. The study has tried to identify the major cases of illegal migration, the overall impacts of migration in relation to the measures that should be taken to minimize the status of illegal migration in the study area. To achieve the stated objectives, the study has employed a descriptive survey design with a qualitative research approach. The data for the study was gathered from both primary and secondary sources. Primary source was gathered from returnee informants; while, secondary data was gathered from published and unpublished documents, articles and reports. The data for the study was gathered through indepth interview, key informant interview and focus group discussions with the informants. In the study, purposive or non-probable sampling technique was employed to select sample informants as sample size to the study. Accordingly, a total of 20 respondent informants were selected purposely so as to gather reliable information to the study. In this case, purposive or nonprobable sampling was employed since it is believed that purposive sampling is viable to select few informants who are believed to have a good knowledge of the issue being raised. In this regard, snowballing was also employed to contact in touch with returnee migrants, snowball sampling was possibly proved to be the most useful sampling technique. The study has found that the major causes of illegal migration in the study area were associated with associated with economic, social and political factors. Moreover, the study has revealed that illegal migration in the study area has been largely associated with various complex phenomena working in tandem such as poverty, low standard of living, unemployment, lack of job and employment opportunities in places of origin, low economic capability to sustain food security, false promise of brokers, the perception of the community and peer pressure in an attempt to accumulate wealth. Regarding the overall impacts, the study has found that illegal migration has physical; and health related problems as well as associated socio-economic and psychological impacts that lead both the migrants and families in economic problems, separation and psychological trauma. In addition to this, the study has also found that human trafficking and smuggling as well as exploitation and sexual violence were the common aspects of illegal migration that the migrants have face during their journey. Finally, the study has cited recommendation such as raising awareness towards irregular migration, strict government control on peace and security, maintaining the peace and security of the border areas and taking corrective measures on illegal brokers to minimize the level and impacts of irregular migration in the study area.
Assessing the Socio-Economic Challenges of Unemployment in Waliso Town; Oromia National Regional State, Ethiopia
(Mekelle University, 2025-03-25) GEMECHU TESHOME
Unemployment is a macroeconomic problem that affects people most directly and severely. Young people are more vulnerable to unemployment than Adults due to different factors. The aim of this thesis was to Assess the Socio-Economic Challenges of Unemployment in Waliso Town; Oromia National Regional State, Ethiopia. To realize this, qualitative methods were implemented. Data have been collected through interview, focus group discussion, observation and document analysis. Using non probability sampling techniques, 33 females and 30 male participants were involved in the study. Data was categorized and analyzed based on their similarity in relation to the question provided in the study. Thus, the result of the study reveals that the major challenges of un employments in the study area was limited job opportunities, limited access to financial resources, misguided educational policy, corruption, job preferences, and lack of work experience was another challenges of unemployment in the study area The study recommended that Expanding manufacturing and industry sector, Changes in the Education system at national level, Assistance on Self-employment, Introduction of new governmental measures initiatives. finally forwarding for further study on the issue was recommended.
Assessment of Challenges and Prospects of Good Governance in post-war era in Tigray region: the case of Seharti Woreda Administration
(Mekelle University, 2025-01-28) Girmay kidanu
Good governance has become a key agenda of development discourse in the world in general, and Africa in particular. Ethiopia, too, does not deviate from this global fashion. Accordingly, due to their closeness to the citizen, local governments are required to give timely service to the people under their administrative jurisdiction. Similarly, gijjet Town Administration, tashi and mykana local administration has this mandate for their residents; however, there are wide public grievances regarding the accountability and transparency, rule of law, effectiveness, responsiveness of local authorities and corruption especially after the war. This study tries to assess the challenges and prospects of good governance in postwar in seharti woreda selected areas. For the sake of achieving the objective of the study, descriptive research method was used. To determine sample respondents purposive and convenience sampling techniques are used. Quantitative data was gathered through questionnaire. Pertinent to qualitative information, structured interview and FGD are employed. Then after, data collected and analyzed through quantitative and qualitative methods. The major findings of the paper identified that lack of transparency and accountability, ineffectiveness in providing service and existence corruption as major challenges of good governance among other. Based on the findings, it is conclude that the current good governance practice in local and Town Administration is weak. This research argues for the existence of governance, which ensure public engagement in decision-making, and prioritization of shared problems, accompanied by transparent and accountable manner.
Assessment of Good Governance in Land Administration in Raya Alamata Woreda
(Mekelle University, 2025-08-28) Tsehayu Seyum Mengesha
This study assessed the practice of good governance in land administration in the Raya Alamata Woreda of the Tigray National Regional State, focusing on accountability and transparency as key indicators. The research involved purposive selection of land administration bodies and their respective Tabiyas—specifically Tabiya Garjale, Tabiya Tao, Tabiya Timuga, and Tabiya Laelay Dayu. Data collection methods included questionnaires, interviews, and focus group discussions for primary data, while secondary sources comprised relevant journals, books, and reports. A total of 154 respondents participated, providing a comprehensive overview of current land governance practices. The findings revealed significant challenges impacting good governance in land administration. Major issues included lack of accessibility to information, unclear rules and regulations, and inadequate data management. Additionally, factors such as discrimination, corruption, political influence, and insufficient commitment emerged as critical obstacles. The study highlighted minimal levels of transparency and accountability within the land administration framework, emphasizing the urgent need for systemic improvements to enhance governance. To address these challenges, the Woreda government must enhance collaboration with the Tigray Regional government and the Anti-Corruption Commission. Key recommendations include developing clear guidelines, employing qualified experts, and offering training, and providing adequate incentives for land administration personnel. Strengthening checks and balances within the system, alongside prominently displaying principles of good governance in all land administration offices, will be crucial for improving governance in this section
Assessment of Rural Land Conflict Management: In the case of werdea Naeder
(Mekelle University, 2025-08-28) Hagos Atsebha Baraki
The study has attempted to assesse rural land Conflict Management. The general objective of this study was to assessed rural land conflict management. Both qualitative and quantitative approaches were used.By using 136 households. Five Kebeles with high prevalence of rural land conflicts were purposively selected from the total of13Kebeles of Naeder wereda. Moreover, focus group discussion and interview were also employed to collect the qualitative data. It was found that most of the rural land conflicts cases were managed formally even though the preference of the litigants was the informal. The study also showed that unclear land provision scheme was the main sources of conflicts. Boundary conflict was found as the main type which was occurred frequently. Transparency and accountability were used to measure the rural land conflicts management as indicators, and it was found that both indicators were at their minimal level. Rural land conflicts management structures and institutions at local level are not supportive enough to the rural community in terms of reaching the poor and the marginalized group. Gap in enforcement of land laws, unclear land provision schemes by the government, unclear land entitlement procedures, and low coverage of the land governance structures and institutions were the major challenges of the rural land conflict management that possibly could result in rural land conflicts. Hence, to minimize problems related to rural land conflict management the government's structures and institutions should increase their coverage besides to equipping it with educated, capable, experienced and motivated manpower through providing trainings and other motivating factors like allowances, salary increments, recognition etc. Customary way of conflict management should be considered in the legal conflict management systems.to easily manage conflicts before cases are filed in the legal systems. Hence, the livelihood of the rural community will be enhanced to a better level.
Assessment of the Economic Rights of Women: Practice and challenges in Qeyih-Tekli Woreda, Central Zone, Tigray Regional State, Ethiopia
(Mekelle University, 2025-08-28) Brhane Alemayehu Giday
The study was designed to assess the Economic Rights of Women: Practice and challenges in Qeyih-Tekli Woreda, Central Zone, Tigray Regional State, Ethiopia. The study has tried to identify the level of practices of economic rights of women, the challenges that affect the economic rights of women in the study area. To achieve the objectives, the study has employed a descriptive survey design with a mixed (both quantitative and qualitative) research approach. The data for the study was gathered from both primary and secondary sources. Primary source was gathered from household informants; while, secondary data was gathered from published and unpublished documents and office reports. The primary data for the study was gathered through questionnaire, interview and focus group discussions. In the study, both probable and purposive sampling technique was employed to select sample informants as sample size to the study. Accordingly, a total of 135 sample respondents were selected to gather reliable information to the study. After collecting and organizing the data, the result of the study was analyzed using narration and content based analysis. The study has found that there was low level of economic rights of women in the study area. Besides, the study has revealed the fact that the major challenges affecting the economic rights of women in the study area include low educational status, gender-based discrimination, and lack of inheritance and property rights as well as socio-cultural challenges. Finally, the study has cited recommendation measures including empowering women, promoting affirmative action policies, enhancing access to credit and property rights, and raising public awareness on gender equality to improve women's economic rights in the study area.
Assessment on practice of Good Governance in Land Administration at Local Level; in Case of Raya Azebo Woreda, Tigray Region, Ethiopia
(Mekelle University, 2025-08-28) Abay Abera Abadi
This study assessed the practice of good governance in land administration in Raya Azebo Woreda, focusing on tabiya War Guba and Kara. Using Yamane’s formula, sample of 152 respondent’s was selected from total population of 5371, and both quantitively and quantitively approaches were employed. Data were collected through questionnaires, interviews, and documents reviews, and analyzed using descriptive statistics and thematic interpretation. The findings revealed major challenges in transparency, accountability, participation, and rule of law with in the land administration system. While some progress has been made, the majority of respondents expressed dissatisfaction with the clarity of regulations, access to information, fairness in handling complaints, and community involvement in decision -making. The study concludes that land administration in Raya Azebo suffers from weak governance practices and recommends strengthening transparency, accountability and community participation, as well as enforcing rule of law to enhance trust and effective in land governance.
Assessment on Practice of good governance in Land administration at local rural area the case of Gerealtaworeda Tigray Regional state, Ethiopia.
(Mekelle University, 2024-01-28) Kinfe GebruHailu
This study assessed the practice of good governance in land administration on the pillars of good governance transparency, accountability, responsiveness, and figured out the challenges of good governance in the land administration.The design adopted was descriptive research design;Since the aim of this research was to assess the ongoing practice of good governance in land administration, it is descriptive types of research, because descriptive types of research is important for the study as it is of paramount importance to analyze several variables of good land governance in rural land administration, provide empirical justification, and collect original data. Beside it adopted mixed approach, a combination of both qualitative and quantitative research method. Qualitative research typically used to answer the research questions about the complex nature of the phenomenon as well as condition, often with a purposive of describing and understanding the phenomenon from the respondents’ point of view and quantitative approach also used in this study using questionnaire to collect primary data from the research participants. Beside the study used both primary and secondary sources of data. Primary data was obtained through questionnaires, interviews and focus group discussions, whereas secondary data involved reviewing literature and reports. The study also used both probability and non-probability sampling techniques. Probability sampling specifically simple random sampling was used to prove all house holdes of the study got equal chance of being selected and use to select respondents from the three tibias’ households; no-probable sampling techniques was use to select key informant interviewers and focus group discussion participants. In addition to this the study also used both quantitative and qualitative methods of data analysis. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, whereas the qualitative were analyzed using thematic analysis. Finally this study found thatin some extent there were pracrice on the principles of good governancetransparency, accountability, and responsiveness but it is not enough. Beside to this there were challenges of good governance such as corruption, rent seeking behavior, lack of committed land administration officials, lack of qualified human power,, , lack of motivation to the land administration committees and land tribunals at all in land administration . Thuscreat awareness on the residents about the importantes of good governance in land and local development at all through Strengthening and motivating the land administration committees and land tribunals at the tabia and kushetworeda and complaint hearing offices through delivering ‘on job training’ and ‘off job training’, and revising the land law that dictates age based land allocation to the farmers, to family number based allocation that assures the need of the farmers, and solve the challenges of good governance by giving special attention to land administration, were stated as conclusion and recommendations in this study.Keywords:.
CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES OF MAINSREAM MEDIA IN PROMOTING GOOD GOVERNANCE: THE CASE OF FANA FM 98.1 AND WALTA FM 105.3 RADIO IN ADISS KETEMA SUB_CITY, ADDIS ABABA
(Mekelle University, 2024-08-28) SINTAYEHU KIBRET
Although the mainstream media plays a key role in promoting good governance, it is also expose to various challenges. The purpose of this study was to assess challenges and opportunities of mainstream media in promoting good governance in cause of Fana and Walta FM radios, and objective was also to examine the Role of Mainstream Media in Promoting Good Governance the Case of Fana FM 98.1 and Walta Fm 105.3 Radio in Addis Ketema sub city, Addis Ababa. Descriptive survey study with mixed research approach i.e. Qualitative and quantitative was employed for this study. Purposive sampling and Data gathering instruments such as questionnaires, interview, and document analysis where employed. The data obtained through questionnaires was analysis using statically tools such as percentage and numerical by table.. And the data obtained through interview, data analysis and from semi structured questions where analyzed qualitatively description and narrations were made. The main content of the study is focused on surveying what their role is and what kind of problems they face in order to achieve good governance. The basic question of this research is what are the opportunities and problems faced by the media in achieving good governance. The main finding of the study indicates that the media often face various problems in their work to promote good governance, including not receiving the required information from the relevant authorities and not being able to provide information or Transparency problems, corruption and intimidation of journalist. This result shows that the media face problems in promoting good governance, which is challenge for them to fulfill the role expected of them in promoting good governance.
CHALLENGES TO ADMINISTRATIVE DECENTRALIZATION FROM GOOD GOVERNANCE PERSPECTIVE: THE CASE OF ABUNA GINDEBERET WOREDA, WEST SHOA
(Mekelle University, 2025-02-17) DIRIBA GUDETA EJETA
This study deals with the Challenges to Administrative Decentralization from Good Governance Perspective in Abuna Gindeberet Woreda of Oromia Regional state. The main objective of the study is assessing how challenge to administrative decentralization from good governance perspective and the research were conducted on the woreda purposefully selected in Abuna Gindeberet woreda. iv The study employed both qualitative and quantitative data were used to collected from the people of the area and key informants were also selected for interview. In to pursue the objective of the study, the researcher used Primary data collected through questionnaires, interview, Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and observations, while secondary data obtained from document analysis. The descriptive analysis made revealed that woreda are on the way striving to achieve governance practically in their local government. The simple random sampling method was finally used to identify sample respondents from the local people for the purpose of administering questionnaire. Totally 168 samples were taken as a sample for the purpose of this study. Questionnaires were distributed to the sample population of 168, and15 interviewees were purposefully chosen from woreda administrative council, woreda council, kebele council and kebele administrative. The study utilized frequencies, percentages and tables. The challenges result from numerous pitfalls, such as the low status of service delivery, responsiveness, efficiency, effectiveness and accountability of cabinets and councils. The status of transparency of local government is also low in the study area. Accordingly, the findings demonstrate the low level of service delivery, accountability, transparency and responsiveness. The findings indicate that there are certain critical problems which affect practice of exercise good governance in the current Abuna Gindeberet woreda. Most of the problems are related to: the participation of the local people in decision making process is very low, both the woredas and kebeles administration have the authority to plan over their matters in spite planning and implementation capacity is very low, the low capacity of the woreda in public service expenditures makes poor the woredas service delivery status and responsiveness. Recommended solutions include: Strengthening the process of decentralization at the local government level and providing adequate powers along with capacity building trainings at the lower levels of administrative units can promote good governance in the study area. All of these are intervening factors that overshadow the decentralization process, which in turn weakens the woreda’s performance in exercising good governance. Therefore, it is recommended that the woreda and kebeles be very transparent, responsive and free from any unnecessary intervention. The woreda and kebele must be sensitive to public interest; legal backing from the woreda administration is also necessary to make councils strong, autonomous and powerful.