College of Social Sciences and Languages

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ANALYSIES OF ERRORS INMECHANICS IN STUDENTS‘ WRITTEN WORK: GRADE 11 FRE SIWUAT SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS‘ IN FOCUS
(Mekelle University, 2017-12-25) Ashenafi Gubssa
The objective of this study was to analyze mechanics errors in grade 11students’ composition writing. The study was conducted at Fre Swuat Secondary School grade11 students in focus.To address the problem a descriptive survey research design was employed. To carry out the study, all the 7available English teachers were used together with 71 students using available sampling and simple random sampling techniques respectively. In order to attain the objectives writing test, document analysis, and semi-structured interview were used as data collection instruments. The writing test was applied to identify students’ composition writing ability in terms of mechanics (i.e. spelling capitalization and punctuation) and the common errors occurred frequently in the students’ composition writing. The document analysis was used to discover the sources of errors and the semi-structured interview was used to find out the sources and frequency of students errors. Moreover, all data collected using different tools were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The data which was collected using writing test was used to show the rater’s average score of the students’ composing ability in terms of mechanics and to analyze the errors obtained in the students’ composition by frequency, percentage and mean quantitatively. And the data that was gathered using document analysis and semi-structured interview was analyzed qualitatively. The study identified the components of mechanics (spelling, capitalization and punctuation)errors that students’ encounter. As a result according to the raters average score,Fre Siwuat Secondary school students composing ability was low (poor), Errors of capitalization, punctuation, together with omission, substitution, and addition of letters in words and sentences were severe errors observed in students’ compositions and documents. But from these errors, error of capitalization and punctuation had the highest frequency. And the causes of the students’ errors were found to be inter lingual and intra lingual transfer errors. Therefore, since using correct mechanics in students compositionis an ability that could be improved through adequate practice, thus Fre Siwuat secondary school students should be given chance of learning and exercising a lot on spelling, capitalization and punctuationto effectively use them to write in their compositions, assignments etc.
A Study on EFL Learners’ Awareness and Use of Vocabulary Learning Strategies: With Reference to Grade 10 Students at Masho Secondary School
(Mekelle University, 2023-08-25) ASMELASH DESTA
Vocabulary is the base for English language in particular, and for other languages in general. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate grade 10 students’ awareness and use of vocabulary learning strategies in EFL classes at Masho Secondary School. To this end, the researcher employed the mixed approach both in collecting the data and analyzing them. The data were obtained from grade 10 students who were enrolled in 2012 E.C, and English teachers of grade 10 at the school using questionnaire and interview. As it was impossible to incorporate all students in this study, 113 (25%) out of the total population of 452 students were selected using simple random sampling method. Therefore, two sections with total students of113 were selected to fell the questionnaire, but one respondent did not return the questionnaire. As a result, the analysis is of the 112 respondents. Furthermore, six students were randomly selected for interview and two EFL teachers who were teaching English to the selected sections were selected for interview. The data obtained from the samples were analyzed using qualitative and quantitative techniques. The quantitative data were presented in frequency and percentage; whereas the qualitative data were presented thematically so as to consolidate the quantitative data. Finally, the findings of this study indicated that the students did not know many vocabulary learning strategies and did not think that these vocabulary learning strategies are important to increase their word power. The students employed only a few vocabulary learning strategies. Based on the findings, the researcher recommended that teachers need to create awareness about vocabulary learning strategies and should give opportunities for their students to practice different vocabulary learning strategies.
THE ROLE OF PARENTAL INVOLVEMENT ON EARLY CHILDHOOD ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT: THE CASE OF KINDERGARTEN IN MEKELLE, TIGRAY ETHIOPIA
(Mekelle University, 2024-06-21) Roman Alemayehu
This study investigates the role of parental involvement in children's academic performance in early childhood education. Conducted in Mekelle city, Ethiopia, with its diverse socio-economic context, the research focuses on Romanat Kindergarten. Utilizing a quantitative research approach and a descriptive design, data were collected from 141 kindergarten students and analyzed using a linear regression model. The model included fifteen independent variables and one continuous dependent variable representing academic performance. Findings reveal that higher parental education, especially of fathers, a supportive parent-child relationship, and effective parent-school communication significantly enhance children's academic performance. These results underscore the importance of strong partnerships between home and school environments. The study acknowledges limitations such as the small sample size and reliance on quantitative data, suggesting future research should incorporate larger samples and qualitative methods. Recommendations include educational programs for parents, initiatives to strengthen Parent-child relationships, enhanced parent-school communication, and policies to support Parental involvement in early childhood education.
AN EVALUATION OF THE DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF COMMUNICATIVE GRAMMAR TASKS/ACTIVITIES: THE CASE OF ENGLISH G R A D E 1 1 T E X T BOOKAT MEKELLE UNIVERSITYCOMMUNITY SCHOOL
(Mekelle University, 2024-11-25) AMANUEL GEBREMEDHIN
An Evaluation of the Design and Implementation of communicative Grammar Tasks/ Activities: The Case of English Grammar Grade 11 Text Book at Mekelle University Community School Amanuel Gebremedhin Mekelle University, 2024 The purpose of this study was to examine an evaluation of the design and implementation of communicative grammar tasks and activities in Ethiopian context, specifically at Mekelle University Community School with regard to communicative grammar teaching. It was attempted to analyze the activities for various purposes; such as (a) whether they are designed and practiced at discourse level, (b) if they are form focused or communicative, (c)whether they are suitable for pair and group work, and (d) to identify them whether they are appealing to learners’ interest and needs. The subjects of the study were one hundred students selected by using stratified sampling technique. Two teachers who were offering English Grade 11 Text Book who were also taken as participants of the study. The data was collected through content analysis, observation, and students’ questionnaire. Ninety-eight questionnaires were returned and analyzed. The finding from each tool indicated that tasks and activities were designed at discourse level but implemented at isolated sentence level. The result also revealed that instruction of grammar lesson has a few transactions (recognizable start and finish, and there was recycling of the exchanges. Furthermore, it depicted that the tasks and activities are related to students’ personal information, experience and provide occasions for them to interact with each other, and lessons were supported by visual aids. Therefore, they are appealing to students’ interest and desires. Moreover, activities are suitable for either pair or group works. Consequently, teachers should make implementing grammar tasks or activities more communicative, discourse based and more contextualized. The teaching material is based on Communicative Language Teaching
ግቡኡነት ኣዯላልዋ መልመዴታት ክእለት ሰዋሰው መፅሓፍ ተምሃራይ ቋንቋ ትግርኛ ብዯረጃ ታሽዒይ ክፍሊ
(Mekelle University, 2025-01-25) ይባልህ ዝበሎ ገ/ኪዲን
ማራ ፅሑፍ እዚ ኣዯላልዋ መልመዴታት ክእለት ሰዋሰው መፅሓፍ ተምሃራይ ቋንቋ ትግርኛ ታሽዒይ ክፍሊ ዝብል ኮይኑ ቀንዱ ዕላማ ናይዚ መፅናዕቲ ኣብዚ ዯረጃ ክፍሊ ዘለው መልመዴታት ሰዋሰው ኣዯላልኦም እንታይ ይመስል ግብእነቶም እንታይ ይመስል ንምፍታሽ ዝዒለመ መፅናዕቲ እዩ:: ኣዯላልዋን ግብእኖቶምን መልመዴታት ሰዋሰው እንታይ ይመስል? ዝብሉን ኣገዯስቲ ነጥብታት መሰረት ገይሩ ዝተልዒለ መፅናዕቲ እዩ:: ካብቲ ዝተረኽበ መረዲእታን ትንተናን ዝተርኣዩ ሕፅረታት ገሊኦም ምዕራፊት ጠቅላላ መልመዱ ሰዋሰው ዘይብሎም፣ ኣብቶም ምዕራፊት ዘለው መልመዴታት ሰዋሰው ተመጣጣንነት ዘይምህላው፣ በቢምዕራፍ ዝርከቡ መልመዴታት ግብእነቶም ምህላዎም፣ምስ ዒቅሚ ተምሃሮ ዘይመጣጠኑ ሕቶታት ምህላው፣ሽፊን ሰዋሰው ውሕዴ ምካን፣ ኣብ መንጎ እቶም መልመዴታት ሰዋሰው ተኽታታልነት ዘይምህላው፣ግልፂ ዘይኮኑን መሻመይትን ሕቶታት ምህላው እዩም::ነዞም ዝተጠቐሱ ክፍተታት ከም መፍትሒ ሓሳብ ዝተወሰደ ዴማ ኣብ ከሎም ምዕራፊት መልመዴታት ሰዋሰው ክካተቱ ተዝግበር፣ ኣብቶም ምዕራፊት ዘለው መልመዴታት ሰዋሰው ሽፊን ተመጣጢኖም ተዝዲለው፣ ናይቶም መልመዴታት ምዴግጋም ሰዋሰው ክቅንስ ተዝግበር ዝብሉ ይርከብዎም::
ዕሊማ ምእታውን ግቡእነትኣቀራርባን ስነቃሊት መፅሓፍ ተምሃራይ ትግርኛ ታሽዒይ ክፍሉ
(Mekelle University, 2025-01-25) ፀጋ መኮነን ሃይለ
ማራ ሓሳብ እዙ መፅናዕቲ ኣብ ዕሊማ ምእታውን ግቡእነት ኣቀራርባን ስነቃሊት መፅሓፍ ተምሃራይ ትግርኛ ታሽዒይ ከፍሉ ኮይኑ ብዋናነት ኣብዙ ዜኣተዉ ስነቃሊት ንምንታይ ዕሊማ ከምዜኣተዉን ግቡእነት ኣቃራርበኦም እንታይ ከምዜመስሌ ብምፍታሽ መፅናዕቲ ተኻይደ እዩ፡፡ እዙ መፅናዕቲ ንምክያዴ መበገሲ ዜኾነ ሓሳብ ኣብ ከይዱ ምምሃር ምስትምሃር ቋንቋ ትግርኛ ንምምሃር ዜኣተዉ ስነቃሊት ትኹረት አይግበረልምን ብዕሊማ ኣይኣተዉን ዜብሌ ሓሳብ ስሇ ዜቐርብን ነዙ ንምርግጋፅ ኣብ ተግባር ዜወዒሇ ዕሊማን ግቡእነት አቀራርብኡን ንምትንታን እዩ ፡፡ሜሊ ኣፀናነዒ ዴማ ኣገዯስቲ ሕቶታት ዜምሌሱ ካብ መፅሓፍ ተምሃራይ ዲህሳስንዕምቆታዊ ንባብ መረዲእታ ተኣኪቦም እዮም ፡፡ ዜተኣከቡ መረዲታታት ብሜሊ መጠናውን ዒይነታውን ትንተና ተተንቲኖም ቀሪቦም እዮም ፡፡ ውፅኢት ናይዙ መፅናዕቲ ዴማ ዜተኻተቱ ዒይነታት ስነቃሊት መጠኖም ትሑት፣ብዒይነቶምን ብበዜሖምን዗ይመጣጠኑ ምኻን፣ንፁር ዕሊማ ዗ይምህሊዎም ፣ግቡእነት ኣቀራርበኦም ትሑት፣ትሕዜቶንምምሃር ዜኣተው ስነቃሊት ኣብ ስነሌሳን ምኻኑ ተረጋጊፁ እዩ፡፡ ኣብ መወዲእታ ኣብ መፅሓፍ ተምሃራይ ዜኣተው ስነቃሊት በዜሖምን ዒይነቶምን ተመጣጠንቲ ክኾኑ ይግባእ ። ብፍሊይ ኣብ ምዴሊው መፅሓፍ ተምሃራይ እትሳተፈ ኣብ ቋንቋ ትግርኛ ስነቃሊት ዕሊመኦም ተነፂሩ፣ክእሇታትንባእታታትን ቋንቋ መሰረት ገይሩ ንክዲሇው ንዜምሌከቶም ኣካሊት ተሓቢሩ እዩ፡፡
Traumatic Experiences of War Surviving Children Residing in Mekelle Saba Kare Internally Displaced Center
(Mekelle University, 2025-01-25) Mearg Mehari Abera
This study examined the traumatic experiences of war surviving children residing in Mekelle’s Seba Kara internally displaced center, focusing on the prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, associated factors, and resilience promoting factors. Employing a concurrent mixed method design, the research achieved a high response rate of 94.4% among 180 participants, including 85 children, 85 caregivers, and 12 professionals. The study focused on children aged 5 to 10. Simple random sampling was used to select both the children and their caregivers, while convenience sampling was used to select the professional participants. Data were gathered using validated PTSD and resilience measures, showed high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha values between .725 and .873). Findings showed a significant prevalence of PTSD, with 42.4% of children exhibiting severe symptoms. Major associated factors for PTSD included forced displacement, separation from parents, direct exposure to combat, and conditions of extreme poverty. However, resilience factors, such as supportive family relationships, community solidarity, and access to essential social resources, were critical in fostering resilience and protecting psychological distress. This study emphasized the crucial need for trauma-informed interventions and policies tailored to the unique needs of war affected children, supporting psychological recovery, healing and promoting long-term well-being in post-war Tigray.
ግቡእነት ኣቀራርባ መሌመዴታት ቃሊት መፅሓፌ ተምሃራይ ትግርኛ ንታሽዒይ ክፌሉ
(Mekelle University, 2025-01-25) መብርሂት ገብረእግዙኣብሄር ገብረ
ማራ ሓሳብ ቀንዱ ዕሊማ እዙ መፅናዕቲ ኣብ ግቡእነት ኣቀራርባ መሌመዱታት ቃሊት ቋንቋ ትግርኛ መፅሓፌ ተምሃራይ ንታሽዒይ ክፌሉ እዩ። እዙ ዕሊማ ተግባራዊ ንክኸውን ዜተመረፀ ስሌቲ ገሊፂ ሜሊ ኮይኑ፤ ብፌተሻ ሰነዴ ንዜተረኸቡ መረዲእታታት ብገሊፂ ሜሊ ተተንቲኑ ቀሪቡ ኣል። ፇተሻ ሰነዴ ኣብ መፅሓፌ ተምሃራይ፥ መምርሒ ንመምህርን መርሃ ትምህርቲን ዗ሇዉ ቃሊት ብቀስቃሳይነትን ዜንባሇን፣ ብዴሕረ ባይታ ተምሃሮ፣ ብዒቕሚ ተምሃሮን እዋናወነት ትሕዜቶን ነቶም ቃሊተ ተፇቲሾም። ብመሰረት እዙ ዜተኻየዯ መፅናዕቲ ኣብ ግቡእነት ኣቀራርባ መሌመዱታት ቃሊት ኣወንታውን ኣለታውን ርካቦታት ውፅኢት መፅናዕቲ ተረኺቡ።
ግደ ስነ ፅሑፋዊ ስራሕቲ መፅሓፍ ተምሃራይ ትግርኛ ዓሰርተ ኽልተ ክፍሊ ኣብ ምምዕባል ኽእለት ፅሕፈት
(Mekelle University, 2025-01-25) መንግስቱ ወልዱ ገብረማርያም
ማራ መፅናዕቲ እዚ መፅናዕቲ ኣብ መፅሓፍ ተምሃራይ ትግርኛ ንዓሰርተ ኽልተ ክፍሊ ዝቐረቡ ስነ ፅሑፋዊ ስራሕቲ ኣብ ምምዕባል ኽእለት ንዘለዎም ግደ ንምፍታሽ ዝዓለመ እዩ። ስነ ፅሑፍ ምስ ምስትሃር ቋንቋን ምስትምሃር ፅሕፈትን ብምርእኣይ ዘለዎም ምትእስሳር፣ ዓይነታት ስነ ፅሑፍ፣ ረብሓታት ስነ ፅሑፍ ብመንፅር ዕላማን ምምዕባል ኽእለትን ፅሕፈት ዝብሉ ተዳህሲሶም እዮም። ፍልፍል መረዳእታ ኰይኑ ዘገልገለ መፅሓፍ ተምሃራይ ትግርኛ ዓሰርተ ኽልተ ክፍሊ እንትኸውን ሜላ መአከቢ ሓበሬታ ድማ ፈተሻ ሰነድ ትግርኛ ዓሰርተ ኽልተ እዩ። እቶም ብፈተሻ ሰነድ ዝተኣከቡ ሓበሬታታት ድማ ብዓይነታዊ ተተንቲኖም ቐሪቦም እዮም። ኣብ መፅሓፍ ተምሃራይ ትግርኛ ንዓሰርተ ኽልተ ክፍሊ ዝቐረቡ ስነ ፅሑፋት ንምስትምሃር ፅሕፈት ዝተኸተልዎ መርኣያ ቋንቋ ዘለዎ ግቡእነትን ግደ ስነ ፅሑፋዊ ስራሕቲ መፅሓፍ ተምሃራይ ትግርኛ ዓሰርተ ኽልተ ክፍሊ ኣብ ምምዕባል ኽእለት ፅሕፈትን ተተንቲኖም እዮም። ካብ እቶም ኣብቲ መፅሓፍ ተምሃራይ ትግርኛ ዓሰርተ ኽልተ ክፍሊ ዝቐረቡ ስራሕቲ ስነ ፅሑፍ እቶም (19) ኣራእስ ንምምዕባል ኽእለት ፅሕፈት ኣስተዋፅኦ ዝገበሩ እዮም።
ግቡእነት ምንባባት መፅሓፍ ተምሃራይ ትግርኛ ዓሰርተ ሓደ ክፍሊ ኣብ ምምዕባል ክእለት ንባብ
(Mekelle University, 2025-01-25) ፅገ ገብረገርግስ ገብረማርያም
ማራ መፅናዕቲ እዚ መፅናዕቲ ግቡእነት ምምባባት መፅሓፍ ተምሃራይ ትግርኛ ዓሰርተ ሓደ ክፍሊ ኣብ ምምዕባል ክእለት ምንባብ ዝብል ርእሲ ሒዙ ዝተበገሰ እዩ። በዚ መሰረት ነዚ ዝቀረበ ርእሲ መፅናዕቲ ንምዕዋት ድሕረባይታ መፅናዕቲ ብዝብል ርእሲዝተፈላለዩ ምሁራን ዝብልዎ ሓሳብ ብምውሳድ ገለፃ ተገይሩሉ እዩ። እዚ ርእሲ ብዋናነት ሰለስተ ቀንዲ ዕላማታት ንምዕዋት ማለት እውን ምንባባት ኣብ ምዕባለ ክእለት ንባብ ዘለዎ ምችውን እንታይ ይመስል ምንባባት ምስተሓንፀፁ ዕላማታት ዘለዎም ዝምድናን ትሕዝቶታትን። ምንባባት ንምዕባለ ክእለት ንባብ ዘለዎም ሰሓባይነት ከመይ ይረአ ዝብሉ ሒዙ ዝተልዓለ እዩ። ነዞም ቀንዲ ዕላማታት መልሲ ንምርካብ ድማ ዳህሳስ ሰነድ ከም መሳርሒ መአከቢ መረዳእታ ዝተጠቐመ እንትኸውን መፅሓፍ ተምሃራይ ትግርኛ ዓሰርተ ሓደ ክፍሊ ዘለዉዎ ትሕዝቶታት ምንባብ ዝርዝር መዐቀንታት ሰደቓ ብምድላው ዳህሳስ ሰነድ ተኻይዱ። እዚ መፅናዕቲ ዓይነታዊ ሜላ መአከቢ መሳርሒ ዝኣከቦም መረዳእታታት ብመንፅር ዝርዝር ዕላማታቱ ኣብ ተመሳሳሊ ዕላማ ዘድሀቡ ሓሳባትናብሓደብምውህላል ዓይነታዊ ሜላ ትንተና ብምጥቃም ብዝርዝርሓሳባዊገለፃ ተተንቲኖም እዮም፡፡ ከም ውፅኢት ዝተረኸበ ቀንዲ ርካቦ እንትርአ ድማ ኣብ መፅሓፍ ተምሃራይ ትግርኛ ዓሰርተ ሓደ ክፍሊ ዘለዉ ምንባባት ኣብቲ ደረጃ ክፍሊ ንዝምሃሩ ተምሃሮ ክእለት ንባብ ንምዕባል ዘለዎም ምቹውነት ዝተሓተ ከም ዝኾነ፤ እዞም ትሕዝቶታት ምንባብ ተምሃሮ ክምሃሩዎም ምስ ዝተሓንፀፁ ዕላማታት ዘለዎም ዝምድና ፀገማት ከም ዘለዉዎ ብፍላይ ዝርዝርን ክዕቀኑ ዝኽእሉ ዕላማታት ኣብ ምቕማጥ ሕፅረታት ከም ዘለዉ፤ ከምኡውን እዞም ምንባባት እዚኦም ንምዕባለ ክእለት ንባብ ዘለዎም ሰሓባይነት ክንድቲ ዝድለ ሰሓባይ ከም ዘይኮነን ዘለዎም ተመሳሳሊ ኣቀራርባ ኣብ ተምሃሮ ናይ ምስልቻው ኩነታት ከምዝፈጥርን ነቲ ዝተደለየ ክእለት ቋንቋ ኣዘውቲሮም ናይ ምልምማድ ዕድል ንክንእስ ፅልዋ ከም ዘሕደረ ዝብሉ ወሰንቲ ውፅኢታት ተመዝጊቦም እዮም።
ግቡእነት መልመድታት ኣንቢብካ ምርዳእ መፅሓፍ ተምሃራይ ትግርኛ ታሽዓይ ክፍሊ ኣብ ምምዕባል ክእለት ዝርርብ
(Mekelle University, 2025-01-25) ፅጌ መሰለ
ማራ መፅናዕቲ እዚ መፅናዕቲ ኣብ መፅሓፍ ትግርኛ ታሽዓይ ክፍሊ ትሕዝቶታት ኣንቢብካ ምርዳእ ኣብ ምምዕባል ክእለት ዝርርብ ዘለዎም ግቡእነት እንታይ ከም ዝመስል ይፍትሽ። ቀንዲ ዕላማ እዚ መፅናዕቲ ኣብ መፅሓፍ ትግርኛ ታሽዓይ ክፍሊ ዝተቐመጡ ትሕዝቶታት ኣንቢብካ ምርዳእ ንምምዕባል ክእለት ዝርርብ ዘለዎም ግቡእነት ምፍታሽ እንትኸውን ኣብ ግንዛበ መልመድታት ንክእለት ዝርርብ ዝምልከት ምኳኑ ምፍታሽ ፤ዑደታዊ ደረጃታት ዝርርብ ብትሕዝቶታት ኣንቢብካ ምርዳእ ኣብ መፅሓፍ ተምሃራይ ትግርኛ ታሽዓይ ክፍሊ ኣብ ምምዕባል ክእለት ዝርርብ ዘለዎ ኣስተዋፅኦ ምፍታሽ፤ዝምድና ኣንቢብካ ምርዳእን ምምዕባል ክእለት ዝርርብ ዘለዎም ግቡእነት ምፍታሽ ዝብሉ ድማ ዝርዝር ዕለማታት እዮም። ነዚ መፅናዕቲ ንክካየድ መልዐሊ ዝኾነ ሓሳብ ነዚ መምሃሪ መፅሓፍ ተጠቒምካ ከይዲ ምምሃር ምስትምሃር ኣብ ዝትግበረሉ እዋን ካብ መጀመርታ ክሳብ መወዳእታ ዘለዉ ናይ ኣንቢብካ ምርዳእ መልመድታት ንምምዕባልን ምስትምሃርን ክእለት ዝርርብ ሓገዝቲ ዘይኾንሉ ትዕዝብቲታት ብምህላዎም እዩ። ኣብዚ መፅናዕቲ ቀንዲ ተፀናዒ እቲ መፅሓፍ ባዕሉ እዩ። ብምሉእነት ሰነድ ፍተሻ ምስ ሳይንሳዊ ሓቅታት ዝተኣሰሰረ ትንተና ዘለዎ እዩ። ሰነድ ፍተሻ ሜላ መአከቢ መረዳእታ ኮይኑ እዚ ተፀናዕን ኣገባብ ኣተኣኻኽባ መረዳእታን ዕሉም ብዝኾነ ኣገባብ ዝተሓረዩ እዮም። እዚ መፅናዕቲ ዓይነታዊ እዩ። ዝበዝሑ መረዳእታታት ዓይነታዊ ብዝኾነ ኣገባብ እዮም ተተንቲኖም። እዚ እንትብሃል ኣብ መፅሓፍ ዘለዉ ናይ ኣንቢብካ ምርዳእ ትሕዝቶታት ምስ ዑደታዊ ደረጃታት ዝብሃሉ ሳይንሳዊ ኣመሃህራ ዝርርብ ብኣንቢብካ ምርዳእ እናተኣሰሰረ ዝቐረበ ትንተና እዩ። ክእለት ዝርርብ ኣብ ናይ ግንዛበ መልመድታት ዝምልከቱ ምኻኖም ንፅፅራዊ ብዝመስል ኣገባብ ተተንቲኑ። ናይዚ መፅናዕቲ ውፅኢት ብምንባብ ኣቢልካ ንክእለት ዝርርብ ኣብ ምስትምሃር ብጣዕሚ ዝንኣሰ ከም ዝኾነን ዝተውሃቦ ጠመተን እውን ምስቶም ካልኦት ክእለታት ቋንቋ ዝተመጣጠነ ኣይኮነን።አብ ኩሎም ናይዚ መፅሓፍ ምዕራፋት ናይ ቅድመ ንባብ ንጥፈታት ብዝግባእ ተግባራዊ ኮይኑ እዩ። ካልኣይ ዑደታዊ ደረጃ ምስትምሃር ዝርርብ ማለት እውን ብዕምቆት ምንባብ ብክፋል ተግባራዊ ዝኾነን ምሉእነት ዘይብሉን እዩ። እቶም ካልኦት ዑደታዊ ደረጃታት ማለት እውን ጉጅላዊ ዘተ፣ ውልቃዊ ገለፃ ምግባርን ሓፈሻዊ ነፀብራቕን ዝብሉ ኣብዚ መፅሓፍ ዝቐረቡ ናይ ኣንቢብካ ምርዳድእ መልመድታት ተግባራዊ ዘይገብር እዩ። ብሓፈሻ ናይ ግንዛበ መልመድታት ንክእለት ዝርርብ ኣብ ምምዕባል ዝንኣሰ ኣስተዋፅኦ ዘለዎም እዮም።ስለዚ መፅሓፍ ትግርኛ ኣብ ምሕታም ዝነጥፉን ብሓላፍነት ዝሰርሕ ትካል ቢሮ ትምህርቲ ትግራይን ካልኦት ውልቀ ኣካላትን ንባብ ሓደ ንክእለት ዝርርብ ንምስትምሃር ዝሕግዝ ዓብዪ ትሕዝቶ ከም ዝኾነ ብምግንዛብ ክሰርሑ፤ ዑደታዊ ደረጃታት ምስትምሃር ዝርርብ ብኣንቢብካ ምርዳእ ብኣግባቡ ክቐርቡን ኣብ መፅሓፍ ተምሃራይ ትግርኛ ታሽዓይ ክፍሊ ክቐርቡን ግቡእነት ክህልዎምን ኣለዎም ዝብል ርኢቶን ለበዋን መዳለዊት እዚ መፅናዕቲ ተቕርብ ትደሊ።
ግቡእነት ትሕዝቶን ኣቀራርባን ሰዋስው መፅሓፍ ተምሃራይ ትግርኛ ዓስራይ ክፍሊ
(Mekelle University, 2025-01-28) ኢሳያስ ገብረእዝጊኣብሄር ሃይለስላሴ
ማራ መፅናዕቲ እዚ መፅናዕቲኣብ መፅሓፍ ትግርኛ ንተምሃራይ ዓስራይ ክፍሊ ዘሎ ትምህርቲ ስዋስውብ ትሕዝትኡን ኣቀራርብኡን ንዘለዎ ግቡእነት ዝፍትሽ እዩ።ንድፊ እዚ መፅናዕቲ ኣብ ገላፂ መፅናዕቲዝምደብ እዩ። ኣብ’ዚ መፅናዕቲ ዝሳተፉ መርኣያታት ንምሕራይ እቶም ኣብ’ቲ ደረጃ ክፍሊ ኣብ ምምሃር ምስትምሃር መፅሓፍ ብቀንዱ ብዕሉም ኣወሳስዳ መርኣያ ብምግባር መምሃሪ መፅሓፍ ተምሃራይ ትግርኛ ዓስራይ ክፍሊ ንምርኣይ መፅናዓይ ወሲኑ ይርከብ። ብተወሳኺ ድማ መምሃሪ መፅሓፍ ትግርኛ ዓሽራይፐ ክፍሊ ንምድህሳስ ተኻኢሉ እዩ። ሜላ መአከቢ መረዳእታ እዚ መፅናዕቲ ድማ ዳህሳስ ሰነድን ዝካተተ እዩ። ካብ ዳህሳስ ሰነድ ዝተኣከበ መረዳእታ ብዓይነታዊ መተንተኒ መረዳእታ ኣቢሉ ነቲ መረዳእታ ብገለፃ፣ ብቃላትን ምሉእ ሓሳባትን ምግላፅ ተመራፂ እዩ። እቲ መፅናዕቲ ካብ ዝቐረቡ መሰረታዊ ሕቶታትን ኣብ’ቲ ዓውዲ ዝነበሩ ምሁራት ዘቕረብዎ ክልሰ-ሓሳባትን መሰረት ብምግባር ብዶኩመንት ትንተና መረዳእታ ተኣኪቡ። ዝተኣከበ መረዳእታ ብዓይነታዊ ኣገባብ ተጠቒምካ እዩ ተተንቲኑ። ውፅኢት እዚ መፅናዕቲ ከም ዘመላኽቶ ኣብ መምሃሪ መፅሓፍ ተምሃራይ ትግርኛ ዓስራይ ክፍሊ ኣብቲ መፅሓፍ ትምህርቲ ዘሎ ትሕዝቶ ሰዋስው ብኽልቲኡ ኣገባብ ብዲዱክቲቭን ኢንዳክቲቭን ኣገባብ ከምዝቐረበ ይሕብሩ። ኢንዱክቲቭ ኣቀራርባ ብመልክዕ ሕቶታት ጥራይ ዝቐርቡ ልምምዳት ከምዘለዉ ኣርእዩ እዩ-- መብርሂ ዘድልዮም ሕቶታት። ብመንገዲ -ውፅኢት ተኮርነትን መስርሕ- ተኮርነትን ዝቐርብ ትሕዝቶ ሰዋስው ኣብ መምሃሪ መፅሓፍ ትምህርቲ ተኻቲቱ ኣሎ። እዚ ድማ ተማሃሮ ነቲ ሰዋስዋዊ ትሕዝቶ ኣብ ዓውደ- ፅሑፍን መስተጋብርን ኣብ ምፍታሽ ዘለዎም ተራ ድሩት ምዃኑ እዩ። ብኻልእ ወገን ድማ እቲ ዕላማ ዝገበረ መምሃሪ መፅሓፍ ብመንፅር ቅደም ተኸተልን ቀፃልነትን እዩ ተገምጊሙ። ብመንጽር ቅደም ተኸተል፡ ውሑዳት ትምህርትታት ሰዋስው ብተኸታታሊ ተሰሪዖም ኣለዉ። ብኣንፃሩ ኣብ መፅሓፍ ትምህርቲ ዘሎ ትሕዝቶ ሰዋስው ብመጠኑ ደረጃ ዝሓዘ እዩ። ብሓፈሻ ብመንፅር ኣቀራርባን ኣወዳድባን ገለ ጥንካረታትን ድኽመታትን ከምዘለዉ እቲ መምሃሪ መፅሓፍ ይሕብር።
ዳህሳስ ስነ ቃላት መፅሓፍ ተምሃራይ ተግርኛ ታሽዓይ ክፍሊ ብመንፅር ዕለማ ትምህርቲ ቋንቋ
(Mekelle University, 2025-01-28) ገብረትንሳኤ ዘንፎ ገብረፃዲቅ
ማራ መፅናዕቲ ናይዚ መፅናዕቲ ትኹረት ኣብ ታሽዓይ ክፍሊ መፅሓፍ ተምሃራይ ዘለው ኣካል ስነ ፅሑፍ ዝኾኑ ስነ ቃላት ብመንፅር ብመንፅር ዕላማ ትምህርቲ ቋንቋእንታይ ከም ዝመስል ምድህሳስ እዩ።።ናይዚ መፅናዕቲ መበገሲ ዝኾነ ሓፈሻዊ ዛዕባ ድማ ስነ ቃላት ኣብ ከይዲ ምምሃር ምስትምሃር ዘለዎም ሰሓብነት ቋንቋ ፣ምስ ባህልን ልምድን ተምሃሮ ዘለዎ ምትእስሳር ዝፍትሽ እዩ።ከምዚ እንትኸውን ኣብዚ መፅናዕቲ ዝትንተሉ ስነ ቃለት ብፈተሻ ሰነድ ዝተኣከቡ ብዓይነታዊ ሜላ ኣተናትና ዝተተንቲኑ እዮም። ዕልባት እዚ ፅሑፍ እንትርአ ድማ ከም ኣድላይነት ስነ ቃል ኣብ ከይዲ ምምሃር ምስትምሃር ክንዲ ዘድለ ከም ዘይኮነን በመንፅር ዝተሰከሞ ትሕዝቶ እውን ኣብ ምኽዕባት ክእለት ቋንንቋ፣ ስብእናን ባህልኻ ምፍላጥን ትኹረቱ ዝተሓተ እዩ። እዚ ብምዃኑ ድማ መፅነዓይ ኣብ ምድላው መፅሓፍ ተምሃራይ ዝሳተፉ ኣካላት መዳርግቲ ኣካለት ከም ዘድልን መምህራን ድማ ኣብ ከይዲ ምምሃር ምስትምሃር ተወሳኺ ፃዕሪ ከም ዘድልዮም ኣንፈት ዘቐመጠ እዩ።
ግቡእነት ኣቀራርባ ስነ ፅሑፌ መፅሓፌ ተምሃራይ ትግርኛ ታሽዒይ ክፌሉ ብመንፅር ምስትምሃር ቋንቋ
(Mekelle University, 2025-02-25) ገረዜጊሄር ብርሃነ ገብረኪዲን
ማራ መፅናዕቲ እዙ መፅናዕቲ ግቡእነት ኣቀራርባ ሰነ ፅሑፌ ኣብ መፅሓፌ ተምሃራይ ትግርኛ ታሽዒይ ክፌሉ ዗ዴሀበ ኯይኑ፤ ሒዜዎ ዜተበገሰ ቀንዱ ዕሊማ እዙ መፅናዕቲ ግቡእነት ኣቀራርባ ትሕዜቶ ስነ ፅሑፊዊ ስራሕቲ ምስትምሃር ቋንቋ ትግርኛ መፅሓፌ ተምሃራይ ታሽዒይ ክፌሉ ብመንፅር ምስትምሃር ቋንቋ ብስነ ፅሑፌ እንታይ ከምዜመስሌ ምግምጋም እዩ። ንዴፉ እዙ መፅናዕቲ ኣብ ገምጋማዊ መፅናዕቲ ዜምዯብ ኮይኑ፤ ኣብ’ዙ መፅናዕቲ ብቐንዱ መፅናዒይ ዜተጠቐመለ መአከቢ መረዲእታ ዲህሳስ ሰነዴ (ትንተና መፅሓፌ) መምሃሪ መፅሓፌ ተምሃራይ ታሽዒይ ክፌሉ እዩ። ብዲህሳስ ሰነዴ ዜተረኸቡ መረዲእታታት ዒይነታዊ ኣቢሇካ ንምትንታን ተኻኢለ ኣል። ውፅኢት እዙ መፅናዕቲ ከም ዗መሊኽቶ ኣብ መምሀሪ መፅሓፌ ተምሃራይ ትግርኛ ታሽዒይ ክፌሉ ዗ሇዉ ትሕዜቶታት ስነፅሑፌ ብመዲይ ምዕባይ መርአያ ቋንቋ ዗ሇዎም ብቕዒት እንትረአ ዜዒ዗዗ እጃም ከም዗ሇዎም የመሊኽት። ብተወሳኺ እቶም ስነ ፅሑፊት ምስ ባህሌን ሌምዴን እቶም ተምሃሮ ዗ንፀባርቑ፤ ምሰ ናይ ተምሃሮ ባህሊዊ ዴሕረ ባይታ ተሳንዮም ከም ዜቐረቡ የረዴእ።ብተመሳሳሉ ምስ መርኣያ ዕቤት ውሌቀ ስብእና ተምሃሮ ብምትሕሓዜ እቶም ኣብ ውሽጢ መምሃሪ መፅሓፌ ታሽዒይ ክፌሉ ዗ሇው ስነ ፅሑፊት ተምሃሮ እናተዋ዗ዩን መንፇሶም ብምህዲስን፤ ዒርሶም በቶም ዜቐረቡ ስነ ፅሑፊት ክሃንፁ የኽእሌዎም። ኣብ’ዙ ከም ክፌተት ዜሊዒሌ ጉዲይ ኣብ ምዕባይ መርኣያ ቋንቋ ክእሇት ስዋስውን መዋቕርን ኣብ ምምሃር ትኹረት አይገበረን። ስሇዙ መምህራን ኣብ እዋን ምስትምሃር ቋንቋ ትግርኛ ስነ ፅሑፊት ተምሃሮ ኣእምሮኣዊን ፌሌጠታውን ሇውጥታት ከምዜግቡ ስሇዜሕግዘ ኣብ ከይዱ ስርሖም ብቀፃሌነት ክጥቀምልም ይግባእ።
ግቡእነት ኣቀራርባ መልመድታት ክእለት ምድማፅ መፅሓፍ ቋንቋትግርኛ ዓስራይ ክፍሊ ብመንፅር ምምዕባል ክእለት ምድማፅ
(Mekelle University, 2025-02-25) ትርሓስ ግደይ ረዳ
Predictors of Psychological Risk and Resilience among Internally Displaced children residing in Seba-Kare (IDPS) Center, Tigray Region
(Mekelle University, 2025-02-28) Tesfanesh Kalayu Wodaju
This study addresses the critical gap in understanding the psychological risk and resilience factors among internally displaced children residing in the Seba-Kare IDP Center. The primary objective was to investigate how demographic characteristics, war-related adversities, protective factors, and contextual influences affect the mental health outcomes of these children. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, the research employed both qualitative and quantitative designs. A simple random sampling technique was used to select 212 participants from a total population of 1,209 (594 males and 615 females). Additionally, 20 adults, not involved in the interviews, were randomly selected to triangulate the data sources. Data collection involved validated instruments, including the Child PTSD Symptom Scale, the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, the War Events Questionnaire, the Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale for Children, and the Conduct Disorder and Oppositional Defiant Disorders Scale. These tools were culturally and linguistically adapted into Tigrigna, validated through a pilot test with 30 participants in the study area, and demonstrated strong internal consistency (Cronbach’s Alpha values ranging from 0.748 to 0.894). The findings revealed a high prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among the children, with 77.4% exhibiting moderate symptoms and 20.8% indicating severe symptoms. Additionally, significant concerns regarding depression and anxiety were identified. Major risk factors contributing to psychological distress included exposure to violence, displacement, loss of family members, and parental trauma. Conversely, protective factors such as familial stability, maternal caregiving, social support networks, and adaptive coping strategies significantly fostered resilience. Creative outlets, particularly play, were also found to enhance emotional stability and recovery. Notably, younger children shows heightened sensitivity to trauma. This study underscores the importance of addressing both risk and protective factors in developing interventions aimed at supporting the mental health of IDP children.
Cyclic Causation of Conflict and Mental Illness in Selected Tigrigna and Amharic Novels
(Mekelle University, 2025-04-21) Haftu Kahsay Brhanu
This study aims to investigate the cyclic causation of conflict and mental illness in purposively selected Tigrigna and Amharic novels. Specifically, the study was made to identify mental illnesses portrayed in the novels, to show how conflict causes mental illness and vice versa, and to examine the dialectic causal development of internal and external conflicts. It is a qualitative study which employed textual analysis as a method and causal pluralism as a theoretical framework. The causation in conflict is framed by BHN model while the causation in mental illness is framed by BPSS model. The finding shows that unmet basic human needs lead characters to conflict and thereby to various mental illnesses which in turn cause conflicts. It is also found out that intrapersonal, interpersonal and intergroup conflicts result in compromised basic human needs which trigger various mental illnesses. In all the texts under study, family background and relationship is the center of many of the problems that cause the conflicts which lead to mental illnesses like stress, anxiety, conduct disorder, PTSD, narcissistic personality disorder and schizophrenia. Moreover, migration, envy, conspiracy, sexual violence and substance abuse are also found to the major triggers of conflict and mental illness in the texts under study. It is concluded that the ways one perceives himself/herself, understands the family problems, handles conflicts significantly determine the cyclic causation of conflict and mental illness. The study also implies that fictional representation of victim’s life is found to be conducive to portray the cyclic causal relation between conflict and mental illness due to the rich potential of literary works to express the whole person in a plotted manner. The fact that most of the problems that cause conflict and mental illnesses emerge from within the family indicates that a lot is needed to be done to improve the quality of life at family level. All the important aspects of health (biological, psychological, social and spiritual) are strongly related to family relationship. Thus, it is only when a family is changed that changes at communal, societal and national levels could be realized. Finally, I would like to indicate to those who conduct their studies on serious human concerns like conflict and mental illness to utilize the rich potential of literary works like novels so as to address multifaceted problems in a holistic manner. Further studies also need to be done on other genres of literature.
ሽፋንን ረብሓን ስነቃላት ንምስትምሃር ክእለታት ቋንቋ ኣብ መምሃሪ መፅሓፍ ተምሃራይ ዓስራይ ክፍሊ ትግርኛ
(Mekelle University, 2025-04-28) ገዛችን ነጋሽ በርሀ
ማራ ፅሑፍ ናይ እዚ መፅናዕቲ ዋና ዕላማ ኣብ መምሃሪ መፅሓፍ ትግርኛ ዓስራይ ክፍሊ ስነ ቃላት ዝተዋሃቦም ሽፋን ፣ዘለዎም ረብሓን ኣብ ምምሃር ክእለት ቋንቋን ምፍታሽ እዩ። እዚ መፅናዕቲ ንምክያድ መፅንዒት ዝተጠቐመትሉ መአከቢ መረዳእታ ፈተሻ ሰነድ እዩ። ዝተረኸቡ መረዳእታታት ድማ ብዓይነታውን ኣሃዛዊን ብዝኾነ መንገዲ ተተንቲኖም ቀሪቦም። መፅንዒት ነዚ መፅናዕቲ ንምክያድ ዘላዓዓላ ኣብ መምሃሪ መስተምሃሪ መፅሓፍ ተምሃራይ ዓስራይ ክፍሊ ንስነ ቃላት ዝተወሃቦም ሽፋን ክንደየናይ እዩ? ክእለት ቋንቋ ንምስትምሃር ዘለዎም ግደ ከ እንታይ ይመስል? እቶም ዝተኻተቱ ስነቃላት ተምሃሮ ዝርብሕሉ መንገዲ እንታይ እዩ? ዝብሉ መሰረታዊ ሕቶትት ንምምላስ እዩ።ብመሰረት እዚ መፅንዒት ብሜላ መአከቢ መረዳእታ ፈተሻ ሰነድ ተጠቒማ ብዝገብረቶ መፅናዕቲ እዚ ዝስዕብ ውፅኢት ተረኺቡ ኣሎ። ንሱ እውን ፦ኣብ መምሃሪ ምፅሓፍ ተምሃራይ ትግርኛ ዓስራይ ክፍሊ ስነቃላት ዝተወሃቦም ሽፋን ዝሐሸ ምዃኑ፤ ከምኡ እውን ኣርባዕቲኦም ክእለት ቋንቋ ንምስትምሃር ትሑት ምዃኖምን ኣብዘሐኦም ኣብ ምሃብ ፍትሒት ጥራሕ ዝተኮሩ ምዃኖም፤ እቶም ዝተኻተቱ ስነቃላት እውን ኮነ ተባሂሉን ተምሃሮ ይረብሑ እዮም ፣ ክእለታት ንምስትምሃር ይሕግዙ እዮም፣ ተባሂሎም ተሓሲብሎም ዝተኻተቱ ኣይኮኑን ። ብመሰረት እዚ መፅንዒት ዘቐመጠቶ መፍትሒ ሓሳብ ድማ ኣብ ዝዳለዉ መምሃሪ መፃሕፍቲ ተምሃራይ ትግርኛ ንስነቃላት ትኹረት ተገይርሎም እኹል ዝኾነ ሽፋን ክወሃቦምን ትሕዝቶኦም ድማ እቶም ክእለታት ቋንቋ መሰረት ብምግባር ክዳለዉ ከም ዘለዎም እዩ። እዙይ ድማ ናይ ሓደ ክልተ ኣካላት ተበግሶ እንተይኮነስ ኣብ ዕብየት ቋንቋ ትግርኛ ተርኡ ክዋፃእ ዝግበኦ ኩሉ ካብ ውልቀ ሰባት ጀሚሩ ክሳብ ላዕለዎት መንግስታውን ዘይመንግስታውን ትካላት ዝምልከቶምን ክሓስብሉን ክሰርሕሉን ከም ዝግባእ እዩ።ብሓፈሻ እዚ መፅናዕቲ ሓሙሽተ ምዕራፋት ዝሓዘ እዩ። ምዕራፍ ሓደ ፤ መእተዊ ኮይኑ ኣብ ትሕቲኡ ድሕረ ባይታ መፅናዕቲ፣ ሓተታ ፀገም መፅናዕቲ ዘጋጠሙ ፀገማትን እዮም። ምዕራፍ ክልተ፤ ዳህሳስ ተዛመድቲ ክልሰ ሓሳባትን ተዛመድቲ ቅዱማት መፅናዕትን ዝሓዘ እዩ። ምዕራፍ ሰለስተ፤ ሜላ ኣፀናንዓ፣ ምዕራፍ ኣርባዕተ፣ትንተና መረዳእታ፣ ምዕራፍ ሓሙሽተ ፣መጠቐለልን ለበዋን ሒዙ ይርከብ።
Practice and Challenges of Early Childhood Care and Education Program in Mekelle City
(Mekelle University, 2025-05-25) Kidane Kebede
This study examined the practices and challenges of Early Childhood Care and Education (ECCE) programs in government preschools within Mekelle City, Tigray Regional State. Employing a mixedmethods approach that integrates quantitative descriptive analysis (percentage and mean score) and a phenomenological qualitative design, the study assesses the implementation of ECCE program components, the strengths and weaknesses of preschool curriculum implementation, and the availability of resources supporting ECCE programs. Convenient sampling used to select teachers, coordinators, and school directors. Data were collected from sixty preschool teachers, nine school directors, and seven preschool coordinators using questionnaire, structured observations, document analysis, and interviews. Findings reveal that while teachers demonstrate strong commitment to child-centered pedagogical approaches, practical implementation remains inconsistent due to resource constraints, large class sizes, and limited training. Authentic assessment practices, though recognized in principle, are underutilized due to inadequate professional development and structural barriers. The misalignment between curriculum goals and classroom execution further may impede holistic child development. Addressing these challenges requires enhanced teacher training, improved resource allocation, policy coherence, and greater parental engagement to strengthen the quality and accessibility of ECCE programs.
The Practice of Development Journalism in Dimtsi Woyane International: Medeb Hirsha (Agricultural Program) in Focus
(Mekelle University, 2025-06-17) Fisehatsion Gebreabzgi Hailu
This thesis investigates the practice of DJ in Dimtsi Woyane International (DWI), with a particular focus on the agricultural program Medeb Hirsha, broadcast on both radio and television. The study aims to assess how DJ principles such as participatory communication, empowerment, and advocacy are applied in the program and how effectively these principles contribute to agricultural development in the Tigray region. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the research integrates qualitative data from semi-structured interviews with journalists, media managers, and farmers and quantitative data from a comprehensive content analysis of all 53 episodes (48 Radio and 5 TV) aired during the 2016 Ethiopian calendar year. The findings reveal that while the Medeb Hirsha program demonstrates notable efforts to inform and educate farmers, the application of DJ principles is inconsistent. Reporters exhibited varying degrees of understanding regarding DJ, and participatory elements were often constrained by institutional limitations and editorial norms. Nevertheless, the program was found to moderately influence farmers’ awareness, attitudes, and decision-making in agricultural practices. This study contributes to the academic discourse on DJ by offering evidence-based insights into the program's implementation, highlighting both its strengths and areas for improvement. It also provides actionable recommendations aimed at enhancing participatory communication and reinforcing policy support for agricultural media programming in the regional context